PMID: 11316534Apr 24, 2001Paper

Nonlinear native propagation effects of diagnostic ultrasound computed and measured in blood

Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology
L FilipczyńskiB Zienkiewicz

Abstract

Nonlinear propagation effects produced by focused pulses in blood were measured over a 20-cm range, being inspired by diagnostic applications in cardiology. The initial and maximum pressures applied during measurements in blood were equal to 0.40 MPa(pp) and 0.76 MPa(pp), while the pressure estimated at the patient body surface equalled 0.70 MPa(pp). Measurements of the frequency characteristic and the linearity of the ultrasonic probe used in experiments were performed in water. A numerical procedure developed previously was applied in blood to calculate the pressure distribution of its first and second harmonics along the beam axis. The comparison of numerical and measured distributions in blood at a temperature of 37 degrees C showed rather good agreement. Using numerical methods, a proportional growth of the second harmonic with the increased applied initial pressure was first observed, and finally the maximum limiting effect was found. In this way, much higher level of harmonics could be obtained. However, there arise the questions of the transmitting system construction and of the nonuniform resolution in the case of harmonic imaging when increasing the applied initial pressure.

References

Jan 1, 1993·Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology·B A Schrope, V L Newhouse
Jan 1, 1997·The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·B WardV F Humphrey
Jan 1, 1996·Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology·M Fatemi, J F Greenleaf
May 13, 1999·Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology·L FilipczyńskiJ Wójcik
Aug 26, 1999·Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology·F TranquartL Pourcelot
Mar 21, 2000·Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology·S TanakaH Tsukuma

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Citations

Dec 5, 2008·Journal of Materials Science. Materials in Medicine·Sergio CasciaroAlessandro Sannino
Jun 7, 2008·Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part B, Applied Biomaterials·Christian DemitriAlfonso Maffezzoli

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