Nonpharmacologic approaches to therapy for hypertension.

Endocrine Practice : Official Journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists
W C Cushman, P M Dubbert

Abstract

To provide an overview of nondrug therapeutic modalities for management of hypertension. We review four strategies that involve lifestyle changes--weight reduction, moderation of sodium intake, physical activity, and moderation of alcohol consumption--that can potentially have a blood pressure-lowering effect. Several clinical trials have shown that a weight loss of 10 to 20% will significantly decrease blood pressure. An average of 1 to 2 mm Hg reduction in blood pressure may occur per kilogram of weight lost. Although sodium restriction has less effect on blood pressure than does weight reduction, a decrease in sodium intake to <100 mmol/day can yield a mean blood pressure reduction of 3 to 5 mm Hg systolic and 2 to 3 mm Hg diastolic. Exercise regimens have demonstrated convincing antihypertensive effects. In recent randomized studies, the average reduction in blood pressure ranged from 5 to 15 mm Hg for systolic measurements and 5 to 10 mm Hg for diastolic readings. Alcohol consumption has been shown to have one of the strongest associations with blood pressure among the potentially modifiable risk factors for hypertension. An average of 1 mm Hg decrease in blood pressure has been noted per one drink/day reduction in consump...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

Jun 1, 2000·Obesity Research·I L Mertens, L F Van Gaal

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