Nonsuppurative (Aseptic) Meningoencephalomyelitis Associated with Neurovirulent Astrovirus Infections in Humans and Animals

Clinical Microbiology Reviews
Gábor ReuterÁkos Boros

Abstract

Astroviruses are thought to be enteric pathogens. Since 2010, a certain group of astroviruses has increasingly been recognized, using up-to-date random amplification and high-throughput next-generation sequencing (NGS) methods, as potential neurovirulent (Ni) pathogens of severe central nervous system (CNS) infections, causing encephalitis, meningoencephalitis, and meningoencephalomyelitis. To date, neurovirulent astrovirus cases or epidemics have been reported for humans and domesticated mammals, including mink, bovines, ovines, and swine. This comprehensive review summarizes the virology, epidemiology, pathology, diagnosis, therapy, and future perspective related to neurovirulent astroviruses in humans and mammals, based on a total of 30 relevant articles available in PubMed (searched by use of the terms "astrovirus/encephalitis" and "astrovirus/meningitis" on 2 March 2018). A paradigm shift should be considered based on the increasing knowledge of the causality-effect association between neurotropic astroviruses and CNS infection, and attention should be drawn to the role of astroviruses in unknown CNS diseases.

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Citations

Apr 26, 2019·Journal of Virology·Diem-Lan VuSusana Guix
Oct 17, 2019·Archives of Virology·Hui-Hui ZhangChao-Ting Xiao
Feb 28, 2020·Journal of Clinical Microbiology·Ronja V KauerTorsten Seuberlich
May 15, 2020·Viruses·Guendalina ZaccariaMaurilia Marcacci
Aug 10, 2019·PeerJ·Ronja V KauerTorsten Seuberlich
Nov 24, 2019·Journal of Medical Case Reports·Georgia KoukouSonja Jacobsen
Jan 8, 2021·Transboundary and Emerging Diseases·Gianvito LanaveVito Martella
Jan 6, 2021·Viruses·Leonore KüchlerCorinne Gurtner
Mar 2, 2021·Frontiers in Veterinary Science·Yanpeng LiEric Delwart
Jun 22, 2021·Revista Argentina de microbiología·Benjamín Doncel DíazFederico Giannitti
Jul 3, 2021·Viruses·Nicole Wildi, Torsten Seuberlich

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