Normal sagittal profile of the cervical spine - must the cervical spine always be lordotic?

Der Orthopäde
M AkbarM Richter

Abstract

The cervical spine is very complex, and it allows the largest range of motion relative to the rest of the spine. The fundamental function of the cervical spine is to maintain the head balanced over the trunk and to maintain horizontal gaze. The cervical spine must be both stable and flexible to guarantee function. Changes of the sagittal profile of the cervical spine may affect function and quality of life. The relationship between full body alignment and maintaining gaze necessitates a thorough understanding of the cranio-spino-pelvic alignment as a component of balance. Now the question is, what kind of sagittal profile does the cervical spine need for proper function? In the literature, normal sagittal alignment of the cervical spine is controversial. In general, there is the assumption that the alignment is lordotic. Does the data in the literature support this? The present literature review supports the following facts: Ideal cervical spine alignment is mostly lordotic, but not always; ideal cervical spine alignment can be lordotic, neutral or kyphotic; ideal cervical spine alignment is driven by the necessity of supporting the head and maintaining horizontal gaze; the cervical spine is in harmony with regional alignment (...Continue Reading

References

Jun 1, 2007·Neurosurgery·Michael P SteinmetzEdward C Benzel
Nov 28, 2008·Journal of Neurosurgery. Spine·Praveen V MummaneniRegis W Haid
Aug 5, 2009·Journal of Spinal Disorders & Techniques·Eric W NottmeierBarry Birch
Oct 23, 2010·European Spine Journal : Official Publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society·Ke HanYou-Wen Deng
Nov 1, 2011·Journal of Spinal Disorders & Techniques·Sang-Hun LeeEun-Seok Son
Jun 19, 2013·Journal of Neurosurgery. Spine·Justin K ScheerUNKNOWN International Spine Study Group
Oct 27, 2014·European Spine Journal : Official Publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society·J C Le HuecS Aunoble
Mar 26, 2015·European Spine Journal : Official Publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society·Miao YuZhong-Jun Liu
Oct 1, 2017·The Spine Journal : Official Journal of the North American Spine Society·Seok Woo KimJae Keun Oh

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