Novel catanionic surfactant vesicle vaccines protect against Francisella tularensis LVS and confer significant partial protection against F. tularensis Schu S4 strain

Clinical and Vaccine Immunology : CVI
Katharina RichardStefanie N Vogel

Abstract

Francisella tularensis is a Gram-negative immune-evasive coccobacillus that causes tularemia in humans and animals. A safe and efficacious vaccine that is protective against multiple F. tularensis strains has yet to be developed. In this study, we tested a novel vaccine approach using artificial pathogens, synthetic nanoparticles made from catanionic surfactant vesicles that are functionalized by the incorporation of either F. tularensis type B live vaccine strain (F. tularensis LVS [LVS-V]) or F. tularensis type A Schu S4 strain (F. tularensis Schu S4 [Schu S4-V]) components. The immunization of C57BL/6 mice with "bare" vesicles, which did not express F. tularensis components, partially protected against F. tularensis LVS, presumably through activation of the innate immune response, and yet it failed to protect against the F. tularensis Schu S4 strain. In contrast, immunization with LVS-V fully protected mice against intraperitoneal (i.p.) F. tularensis LVS challenge, while immunization of mice with either LVS-V or Schu S4-V partially protected C57BL/6 mice against an intranasal (i.n.) F. tularensis Schu S4 challenge and significantly increased the mean time to death for nonsurvivors, particularly following the i.n. and hetero...Continue Reading

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