Novel Immunotherapy Options for Extranodal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma

Frontiers in Oncology
Boyu Hu, Yasuhiro Oki

Abstract

Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTCL) is a highly aggressive mature NK/T-cell neoplasm marked by NK-cell phenotypic expression of CD3ε and CD56. While the disease is reported worldwide, there is a significant geographic variation with its highest incidence in East Asian countries possibly related to the frequent early childhood exposure of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and specific ethnic-genetical background, which contributes to the tumorigenesis. Historically, anthracycline-based chemotherapy such as CHOP (cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, vincristine, and prednisone) was used, but resulted in poor outcomes. This is due in part to intrinsic ENKTCL resistance to anthracycline caused by high expression levels of P-glycoprotein. The recent application of combined modality therapy with concurrent or sequential radiation therapy for early stage disease, along with non-anthracycline-based chemotherapy regimens consisting of drugs independent of P-glycoprotein have significantly improved clinical outcomes. Particularly, this neoplasm shows high sensitivity to l-asparaginase as NK-cells lack asparagine synthase activity. Even still, outcomes of patients with advanced stage disease or those with relapsed/recurrent disease are dismal with ove...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 17, 2019·Academic Pathology·Yue JiaXin Qing
Jul 29, 2020·Blood Research·Seong Hyun Jeong
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Nov 4, 2021·Hematological Oncology·Xiaohua HeHuiqiang Huang

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Clinical Trials Mentioned

NCT01309789
NCT02927925
NCT03107962
NCT03021057

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