Novel MRI Techniques Identifying Vascular Leak and Paravascular Flow Reduction in Early Alzheimer Disease

Biomedicines
Charles R Joseph

Abstract

With beta amyloid and tau antibody treatment trial failures, avenues directed to other facets of the disease pathophysiology are being explored to treat in the preclinical or early clinical state. Clear evidence of blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown occurring early in the AD process has recently been established. Likewise, the glymphatic system regulating water and solute inflow and outflow in parallel with the vascular system is affected causing delayed clearance of fluid waste. Its dysfunction as a component of AD along with BBB leak are reasonable candidates to explore for future treatments. Ideally, human medication trials require a minimally invasive method of quantifying both improvements in BBB integrity and glymphatic fluid clearance correlated with clinical outcomes. We will review the known physiology and anatomy of the BBB system, and its relationship to the glymphatic system and the microglial surveillance system. Dysfunction of this tripart system occurring in preclinical Alzheimer disease (AD) will be reviewed along with existing MRI tools for identifying altered flow dynamics useful for monitoring improved functionality with future treatments. High-resolution dynamic contrast enhanced MRI imaging demonstrating B...Continue Reading

References

Mar 4, 2000·Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology·N J Abbott
Nov 7, 2000·Magnetic Resonance in Medicine : Official Journal of the Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine·Y YangE Stern
Apr 20, 2001·Progress in Neurobiology·E Farkas, P G Luiten
Sep 29, 2001·Journal of Neurocytology·R BandopadhyayG Allt
Dec 6, 2003·Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology·D S KnopmanR C Petersen
Dec 17, 2003·Progress in Drug Research. Fortschritte Der Arzneimittelforschung. Progrès Des Recherches Pharmaceutiques·David J Begley, Milton W Brightman
Jan 28, 2004·Microcirculation : the Official Journal of the Microcirculatory Society, Inc·Maki UjiieWilfred A Jefferies
Jul 23, 2004·Physiological Reviews·Gianfranco Bazzoni, Elisabetta Dejana
Aug 31, 2004·Magnetic Resonance in Medicine : Official Journal of the Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine·Hanzhang LuPeter C M van Zijl
Feb 18, 2005·The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience·Laibaik ParkCostantino Iadecola
May 26, 2005·Pharmacological Reviews·Brian T Hawkins, Thomas P Davis
Jul 21, 2005·Magnetic Resonance in Medicine : Official Journal of the Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine·Matthias GüntherDavid A Feinberg
Aug 9, 2005·Magnetic Resonance in Medicine : Official Journal of the Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine·Greg J StaniszR Mark Henkelman
Dec 17, 2005·Journal of Applied Physiology·Helene Girouard, Costantino Iadecola
Mar 21, 2006·Journal of Cellular Physiology·Kunihiko NagasawaNorimasa Sawada
Jul 20, 2006·Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism : Official Journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism·Yi YangGary A Rosenberg
Jul 26, 2006·Acta Neuropathologica·John E DonahueEdward G Stopa
Jul 28, 2006·American Journal of Physiology. Cell Physiology·Ali Hafezi-MoghadamDenisa D Wagner
Oct 13, 2006·Nature·Claire M PeppiattDavid Attwell
Jan 16, 2007·Neurobiology of Aging·Lisa MosconiMony J de Leon
Apr 4, 2007·Neurochemical Research·Julie A GaaschCornelis J Van der Schyf
Apr 26, 2007·Neurochemical Research·Josephine LokEng H Lo
Aug 1, 2007·The Journal of Experimental Medicine·Justin PaulJerry P Melchor
Mar 26, 2009·Acta Neuropathologica·Robert D Bell, Berislav V Zlokovic
Oct 8, 2009·Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism : Official Journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism·Reinoud P H BokkersCatharina J M Klijn
Mar 12, 2010·Alzheimer Disease and Associated Disorders·Linda L ChaoMichael W Weiner
Oct 15, 2010·Nature·Annika ArmulikChrister Betsholtz
Dec 17, 2010·Molecular Neurobiology·José Julio Rodríguez, Alexei Verkhratsky
Jan 5, 2011·Nature Reviews. Neuroscience·Lars M Ittner, Jürgen Götz
May 11, 2011·Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews·Hua Ai
Oct 13, 2011·Fortschritte der Neurologie-Psychiatrie·H Kettenmann, A Verkhratsky
Jan 12, 2012·Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism : Official Journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism·Manon BrundelGeert Jan Biessels
May 25, 2012·Nature·Robert D BellBerislav V Zlokovic
Jun 30, 2012·The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience·Sun-Young KookInhee Mook-Jung
Oct 3, 2012·Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine·Abhay P SagareBerislav V Zlokovic
May 9, 2013·Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism : Official Journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism·Karin HultmanErin H Norris
Aug 21, 2013·Journal of Alzheimer's Disease : JAD·Sophie M HeringaUNKNOWN Utrecht Vascular Cognitive Impairment (VCI) Study Group
Oct 17, 2013·Magnetic Resonance in Medicine : Official Journal of the Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine·David A FeinbergLiyong Chen
Dec 18, 2013·Nature Communications·Abhay P SagareBerislav V Zlokovic
Mar 4, 2014·Annals of Neurology·Alberto Serrano-PozoBradley T Hyman

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Methods Mentioned

BETA
transgenic

Clinical Trials Mentioned

NCT04100889

Software Mentioned

DICOM
pCASL

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Blood Brain Barrier Chips

The blood brain barrier (BBB) is comprised of endothelial cells that regulate the influx and outflux of plasma concentrations. Lab-on-a-chip devices allow scientists to model diseases and mechanisms such as the passage of therapeutic antibodies across the BBB. Discover the latest research on BBB chips here.

Alzheimer's Disease: Neuroimaging

Neuroimaging can help identify pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here is the latest research on neuroimaging modalities, including magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography, in AD.

Alzheimer's Disease: Amyloid Beta

Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disease associated with the accumulation of amyloid plaques in the brain; these plaques are comprised of amyloid beta deposits. Here is the latest research in this field.

Alzheimer's Disease: Microglia

Microglia are a type of glial cell found throughout the brain and spinal cord. Microglia have been found to be associated with Alzheimer's disease development and progression. Here are the latest discoveries pertaining to Alzheimer's disease and microglia.

Blood Brain Barrier

The blood brain barrier is a border that separates blood from cerebrospinal fluid. Discover the latest search on this highly selective semipermeable membrane here.

Related Papers

Tidsskrift for den Norske lægeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny række
Geir Ringstad, Per Kristian Eide
Stroke and Vascular Neurology
Quan Jiang
© 2021 Meta ULC. All rights reserved