Novel pharmacological targets for calcific aortic valve disease: Prevention and treatments

Pharmacological Research : the Official Journal of the Italian Pharmacological Society
Veronika A MyasoedovaPaolo Poggio

Abstract

Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is the most common valvular disorder in the elderly, with the incidence of 3% in general population of Western countries. The initial phase of CAVD is characterized by leaflet thickening and possible spotty calcification (i.e. aortic valve sclerosis (AVSc)), while advanced stages have leaflets structure degeneration (i.e. aortic valve stenosis (AS)). The pathological cellular and molecular mechanisms, involved in CAVD, are extracellular matrix degradation, aberrant matrix deposition, fibrosis, mineralization, inflammation, lipid accumulation, and neo-angiogenesis. CAVD clinical risk shares considerable overlap with those of atherosclerosis and they include hypertension, smoking habits, and hyperlipidemia. Unfortunately, surgical aortic valve replacement and transcatheter aortic valve implantation are the only available treatments when the disease become severe and symptoms occur. Indeed, no approved pharmacological approach is available for CAVD patients. In this review, we describe the current literature evidence on possible future therapeutic targets for this debilitating and fatal disease such as PCSK9, P2Y2 receptor, cadherin 11, and DDP-4.

Citations

Nov 2, 2018·Current Cardiology Reviews·Daniel AzpiazuRicardo Villa-Bellosta
Feb 25, 2020·Physiological Genomics·Alexander P KossarGiovanni Ferrari
Feb 23, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Qingzhou YaoXianzhong Meng
Dec 12, 2020·Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics·Yanan GuoXi-Long Zheng
Nov 8, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Maristella DonatoMarcello Rattazzi
Nov 10, 2020·Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology·Haochang HuXiaomin Chen

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