NoxA activation by the small GTPase RacA is required to maintain a mutualistic symbiotic association between Epichloë festucae and perennial ryegrass

Molecular Microbiology
Aiko TanakaBarry Scott

Abstract

Small GTPases of the Rac group play a key regulatory role in NADPH oxidase catalysed production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mammals and plants, but very little evidence is available for a corresponding role in fungi. We recently showed that ROS produced by a specific fungal NADPH oxidase isoform, NoxA, are crucial in regulating hyphal morphogenesis and growth in the mutualistic symbiotic interaction between Epichloë festucae and perennial ryegrass. We demonstrate here that E. festucae RacA is required for NoxA activation and regulated production of ROS to maintain a symbiotic interaction. Deletion of racA resulted in decreased ROS production, reduction of radial growth and hyper-branching of the hyphae in culture. In contrast, in planta the racA mutant showed extensive colonization of the host plant, resulting in stunting and precocious senescence of the host plants. Strains expressing a dominant active (DA) allele of RacA had increased ROS production, increased aerial hyphae and reduced radial growth. These results demonstrate that RacA plays a crucial role in regulating ROS production by NoxA, in order to control hyphal morphogenesis and growth of the endophyte in planta.

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Citations

Feb 2, 2011·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Daigo TakemotoBarry Scott
Dec 20, 2012·Antioxidants & Redox Signaling·Alain PuppoRenaud Brouquisse
Jun 4, 2010·Plant Physiology·Carla J EatonBarry Scott
Mar 19, 2009·BMC Microbiology·Marcus C ChibucosBrett M Tyler
Nov 17, 2011·PloS One·Cynthia L Araujo-PalomaresErnestina Castro-Longoria
Dec 24, 2011·PLoS Pathogens·Martin B Dickman, Paul de Figueiredo
Jun 26, 2013·Journal of Chemical Ecology·Kari SaikkonenMarjo Helander
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Apr 3, 2012·Current Opinion in Plant Biology·Aiko TanakaBarry Scott
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Nov 6, 2008·Current Opinion in Microbiology·Barry Scott, Carla J Eaton
Mar 27, 2013·Molecular Plant Pathology·Siwy Ling Yang, Kuang-Ren Chung
Nov 27, 2014·Molecular Microbiology·Isabelle LacazeSylvain Brun
Mar 29, 2016·Plant Signaling & Behavior·Simone BelmondoLuisa Lanfranco
Jun 12, 2013·Fungal Genetics and Biology : FG & B·Elizabeth Ripley BallouJ Andrew Alspaugh
Jan 28, 2015·Fungal Genetics and Biology : FG & B·Bang AnShiping Tian
Jul 7, 2016·Journal of Experimental Botany·Susanne Bircheneder, Thomas Dresselhaus
Sep 15, 2016·FEMS Microbiology Letters·Shalome A BassettGregory T Bryan
Sep 15, 2016·FEMS Microbiology Ecology·Ben J J LugtenbergLinda J Johnson
Feb 22, 2012·Annals of Botany·Susanne RasmussenChristopher S Jones

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