Nuclear import of human MLH1, PMS2, and MutLalpha: redundancy is the key

Molecular Carcinogenesis
Vivian LeongA Guarné

Abstract

DNA mismatch repair maintains genomic stability by correcting errors that have escaped polymerase proofreading. Defects on mismatch repair genes lead to an increased mutation rate, microsatellite instability and predisposition to human non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC). Human MutLalpha is a heterodimer formed by the interaction of MLH1 and PMS2 that coordinates a series of key events in mismatch repair. It has been proposed that nuclear import of MutLalpha may be the first regulatory step on the activation of the mismatch repair pathway. Using confocal microscopy and mismatch repair deficient cells, we have identified the sequence determinants that drive nuclear import of human MLH1, PMS2, and MutLalpha. Transient transfection of the individual proteins reveals that MLH1 has a bipartite and PMS2 has a single monopartite nuclear localization signal. Although dimerization is not required for nuclear localization, the MutLalpha heterodimer is imported more efficiently than the MLH1 or PMS2 monomers. Interestingly, the bipartite localization signal of MLH1 can direct import of MutLalpha even when PMS2 encompasses a mutated localization signal. Hence we conclude that the presence of redundant nuclear localization signals guara...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 29, 2015·DNA Repair·Javier Peña-Diaz, Lene Juel Rasmussen
Apr 21, 2009·DNA Repair·Nina Østergaard KnudsenLene Juel Rasmussen
Feb 24, 2015·Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology·Alba Guarné, Jean-Baptiste Charbonnier
Jul 4, 2012·Human Mutation·Sofie Dabros AndersenLene Juel Rasmussen

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