Nucleotide diversity of the TNF gene region in an African village

Genes and Immunity
A RichardsonD Kwiatkowski

Abstract

The wide variety of disease associations reported at the TNF locus raises the question of how much variation exists within a single population. To address this question, we sequenced the entire TNF gene in 72 chromosomes from healthy residents of a village in The Gambia, West Africa. We found 12 polymorphisms in 4393 nucleotides, of which five have not been previously described, giving an estimated nucleotide diversity (theta) of 5.6 x 10(-4). A significantly higher frequency of polymorphisms was found in the promoter region than in the coding region (8/1256 vs 0/882 nucleotides, P = 0.02). All polymorphisms with the exception of one rare allele were found to be present in Malawi, which is both geographically and genetically distant from The Gambia. Genotyping of 424 Gambian and 121 Malawian adults showed a significant frequency difference between the two populations for eight of the 12 polymorphisms, but the average fixation index across the variable sites was relatively low (F(ST) = 0.007). We conclude that, at the TNF locus, the nucleotide diversity found within a single African village is similar to the global value for human autosomal genes sampled across different continents.

References

Mar 15, 1992·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·A V HillM E Molyneux
Jan 1, 1986·Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology·S A NedospasovN S Bystrov
Nov 1, 1995·The Journal of Experimental Medicine·M CabreraJ M Blackwell
Apr 1, 1997·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·A G WilsonG W Duff
Apr 1, 1997·Human Molecular Genetics·M F Moffatt, W O Cookson
Jan 18, 1997·Lancet·R G WestendorpJ P Vandenbrouke
Jul 27, 1999·Proceedings of the Association of American Physicians·J C Knight, D Kwiatkowski
Oct 16, 1999·Neurology·M Fernandez-ArqueroE G de la Concha
Nov 30, 2000·Molecular and Cellular Biology·I A UdalovaD Kwiatkowski

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Dec 17, 2002·Arthritis and Rheumatism·Eleftheria ZegginiUNKNOWN British Paediatric Rheumatology Study Group
Aug 10, 2007·Journal of Human Genetics·Guolian Kang, Yijun Zuo
Dec 12, 2007·Journal of Clinical Immunology·O AtesA Topal-Sarikaya
Nov 28, 2012·Experimental and Clinical Transplantation : Official Journal of the Middle East Society for Organ Transplantation·Mu HuijunZhang Bin
Apr 3, 2014·BMC Evolutionary Biology·Ramatoulie E JanhaRobert T Walton
Nov 21, 2015·Human Immunology·Ebrahim Eskandari-NasabAdel Sepanj-Nia
Aug 22, 2003·Clinical and Experimental Immunology·J IsmailiM Pinder
Oct 20, 2012·International Journal of Immunogenetics·I BadanoD J Liotta
Jun 23, 2004·Clinical Immunology : the Official Journal of the Clinical Immunology Society·Sergio D RosenzweigSteven M Holland
Aug 24, 2012·International Journal of Dermatology·Lyubomir DourmishevVanio Mitev
Apr 19, 2003·Genome Biology·Hans AckermanDominic P Kwiatkowski

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.