Null Effect of Olfactory Training With Patients Suffering From Depressive Disorders-An Exploratory Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Frontiers in Psychiatry
Luise D PabelIlona Croy

Abstract

Due to a close functional relation between brain areas processing emotion and those processing olfaction, major depression is often accompanied by reduced olfactory function. Such hyposmia can be improved by regular olfactory training (OT) over several months. As this training furthermore improves subjective well-being, we explored whether OT is a useful complementary strategy for depression treatment. A total of 102 depressive outpatients were randomly assigned to OT or a control training condition, which were performed twice a day for 16 weeks. Compliance was continuously monitored. Before and after training we measured depression severity and olfactory function. About half of the patients of both groups did not complete the training. Among the remaining patients, depression severity decreased significantly in both groups. The absence of an interaction effect indicated no selective impact of OT and the variance of depression improvement explained by OT was as little as 0.1%. The low compliance suggests that OT is not feasible for large parts of our sample of depressive outpatients, most likely due to a disease-immanent lack of motivation. In those patients who completed the training, lack of specific effects suggest that OT i...Continue Reading

References

Apr 1, 1986·Perception & Psychophysics·M D Rabin, W S Cain
Feb 1, 1995·Central European Journal of Public Health·Z HubálekM Honza
May 1, 1995·Neuroimmunomodulation·T KomoriM M Yokoyama
Jan 1, 1997·Pharmacology & Therapeutics·J P KellyB E Leonard
Aug 24, 1999·Neuropsychopharmacology : Official Publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology·P J MobergR L Doty
Nov 27, 1999·Psychological Medicine·R BarnettC Pantelis
Apr 28, 2000·The American Journal of Psychiatry·B I TuretskyR E Gur
Jun 6, 2000·Journal of Traumatic Stress·J J VasterlingP B Sutker
Feb 28, 2002·Nature Neuroscience·Pamela DaltonPaul A S Breslin
Oct 25, 2002·Nature·Joel D MainlandNoam Sobel
Jun 25, 2003·Psychophysiology·Bettina M PauseRoman Ferstl
Dec 18, 2003·The Journal of Physiology·Liwei WangTim Jacob
Mar 15, 2005·The International Journal of Neuroscience·Tiffany FieldQing Claire He
Jun 1, 2005·Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews·Cai Song, Brian E Leonard
May 31, 2006·Advances in Oto-rhino-laryngology·Jay A Gottfried
Oct 6, 2006·European Archives of Oto-rhino-laryngology : Official Journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : Affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery·T HummelA Mackay-Sim
Jan 8, 2008·Psychoneuroendocrinology·Janice K Kiecolt-GlaserRonald Glaser
Jun 17, 2008·Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews·Boriana AtanasovaCatherine Belzung
Feb 25, 2009·The Laryngoscope·Thomas HummelKarl-Bernd Hüttenbrink
Jul 25, 2009·European Archives of Oto-rhino-laryngology : Official Journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : Affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery·Ilona CroyThomas Hummel
Oct 20, 2009·European Journal of Pharmacology·Donatella MarazzitiLuca Faravelli
Mar 26, 2010·BMC Medicine·Kenneth F SchulzUNKNOWN CONSORT Group
May 4, 2010·Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology·Margareta HednerThomas Hummel
Feb 7, 2012·Neuroscience Letters·Marion ClepceNorbert Thuerauf
Apr 25, 2013·PloS One·Antje HaehnerThomas Hummel
Sep 3, 2013·European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience·Cinto SegalàsCarles Soriano-Mas
Sep 21, 2013·Chemical Senses·Ilona CroyThomas Hummel
Jan 22, 2014·Journal of Affective Disorders·Ilona CroyThomas Hummel
Feb 14, 2014·Journal of the American Geriatrics Society·Valentin A SchrieverThomas Hummel
Jul 6, 2014·International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry·Nicola FerreiraClive Ballard
Dec 30, 2014·Neural Plasticity·Kathrin KollndorferVeronika Schöpf
May 16, 2015·Brain Imaging and Behavior·Simona NegoiasIlona Croy
Jul 15, 2015·Neuroscience Letters·Qianlu LiZhiwei Li
Oct 6, 2015·Journal of Affective Disorders·Jeffrey N MotterJoel R Sneed
May 14, 2016·Chemical Senses·Preeti KohliRodney J Schlosser
Jul 10, 2016·Journal of Neurology·Ilona Croy, Thomas Hummel
Jul 23, 2016·Brain Imaging and Behavior·S NegoiasT Hummel
Apr 22, 2017·International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry·Wegener Birte-AntinaHummel Thomas

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Nov 17, 2020·Chemical Senses·Yazan EliyanJayant M Pinto
Apr 18, 2021·European Archives of Oto-rhino-laryngology : Official Journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : Affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery·Anna OleszkiewiczThomas Hummel

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Software Mentioned

Power
SPSS
MedDrive

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.

Related Papers

European Archives of Oto-rhino-laryngology : Official Journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : Affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery
Anna OleszkiewiczThomas Hummel
© 2021 Meta ULC. All rights reserved