Nutrients or nursing? Understanding how breast milk feeding affects child cognition

European Journal of Nutrition
Wei Wei PangAnne Rifkin-Graboi

Abstract

To explore the associations between type of milk feeding (the "nutrients") and mode of breast milk feeding (the "nursing") with child cognition. Healthy children from the GUSTO (Growing Up in Singapore Toward healthy Outcomes) cohort participated in repeated neurodevelopmental assessments between 6 and 54 months. For "nutrients", we compared children exclusively bottle-fed according to type of milk received: formula only (n = 296) vs some/all breast milk (n = 73). For "nursing", we included only children who were fully fed breast milk, comparing those fed directly at the breast (n = 59) vs those fed partially/completely by bottle (n = 63). Compared to infants fed formula only, those who were bottle-fed breast milk demonstrated significantly better cognitive performance on both the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (Third Edition) at 2 years [adjusted mean difference (95% CI) 1.36 (0.32, 2.40)], and on the Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test (Second Edition) at 4.5 years [7.59 (1.20, 13.99)]. Children bottle-fed breast milk also demonstrated better gross motor skills at 2 years than those fed formula [1.60 (0.09, 3.10)]. Among infants fully fed breast milk, those fed directly at the breast scored higher on several memo...Continue Reading

References

Jan 1, 1991·Progress in Lipid Research·S M Innis
Aug 1, 1971·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition·N Newton
Apr 1, 1995·Current Opinion in Neurobiology·B S McEwen, R M Sapolsky
Aug 1, 1995·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·L McDonoughL R Squire
Jan 1, 1993·Early Human Development·W J Rogan, B C Gladen
Dec 6, 1997·Archives of Disease in Childhood·T H TramP McVeagh
Aug 23, 2001·Archives of Disease in Childhood·N K AngelsenL S Bakketeig
Jun 4, 2002·Nature Reviews. Neuroscience·Jeansok J Kim, David M Diamond
Nov 5, 2003·The Journal of Pediatrics·Sheila M Innis
Oct 28, 2005·The Journal of Nutrition·Melissa C Daniels, Linda S Adair
Jan 4, 2008·The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience·Deborah E Hannula, Charan Ranganath
May 7, 2008·Archives of General Psychiatry·Michael S KramerUNKNOWN Promotion of Breastfeeding Intervention Trial (PROBIT) Study Group
Oct 10, 2008·Pediatrics·Judith Labiner-WolfeCunlin Wang
Jul 29, 2009·Developmental Science·Jenny Richmond, Charles A Nelson
Dec 26, 2009·Pediatric Research·Elizabeth B IsaacsAlan Lucas
Apr 20, 2011·Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines·Pilyoung KimJames E Swain
May 31, 2011·Lancet·Rafael T MikolajczykMario Merialdi
Jul 23, 2011·Breastfeeding Medicine : the Official Journal of the Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine·Sheela GeraghtyArdythe Morrow
Jan 15, 2013·The Journal of Pediatrics·Jonathan Y BernardUNKNOWN EDEN Mother-Child Cohort Study Group
Jun 1, 2013·NeuroImage·Sean C L DeoniHolly Dirks
Aug 6, 2013·International Journal of Epidemiology·Shu-E SohUNKNOWN GUSTO Study Group
Sep 26, 2013·Translational Psychiatry·A QiuM J Meaney
Dec 18, 2013·Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health·Vasiliki LeventakouLeda Chatzi
Feb 4, 2015·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition·Shirong CaiUNKNOWN GUSTO Study Group
Jul 28, 2015·Acta Paediatrica·Bernardo L HortaCesar G Victora
Aug 20, 2015·Learning & Memory·Eun Joo KimJeansok J Kim
Mar 11, 2017·The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews·Bonny JasaniShripada C Rao
Sep 28, 2017·Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Neonatal Nursing : JOGNN·Lisa ClevelandRosemary White-Traut
Feb 9, 2018·Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology·Heather A Cameron, Timothy J Schoenfeld

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jul 23, 2020·The Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing·Jessica M JohnsonPamela V O'Neal
Nov 20, 2020·Maternal & Child Nutrition·Meghan B AzadLuisa Zuccolo
Jan 20, 2021·BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth·Rita Amiel CastroThomas G O'Connor
May 1, 2021·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Genevieve E Becker
Jun 4, 2021·Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology·Julie J HvidtCecilia H Ramlau-Hansen
Jun 18, 2021·Molecular Nutrition & Food Research·Silvia RudloffClemens Kunz
Aug 29, 2021·Neurobiology of Learning and Memory·Carla DalmazPatrícia P Silveira
Jun 12, 2021·Annual Review of Nutrition·Kimberly A LackeyMichelle K McGuire

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Software Mentioned

SPSS

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.