Nutrition and Inflammation: Are Centenarians Similar to Individuals on Calorie-Restricted Diets?

Annual Review of Nutrition
Claudio FranceschiAurelia Santoro

Abstract

Individuals capable of reaching the extreme limit of human life such as centenarians are characterized by an exceptionally healthy phenotype-that is, a low number of diseases, low blood pressure, optimal metabolic and endocrine parameters, and increased diversity in the gut microbiota-and they are epigenetically younger than their chronological age. We present data suggesting that such a remarkable phenotype is largely similar to that found in adults following a calorie-restricted diet. Interviews with centenarians and historical data on the nutritional and lifestyle habits of Italians during the twentieth century suggest that as children and into adulthood, centenarians lived in an environment that was nonobesogenic, but at the same time the environment did not produce malnutrition. Centenarians appear to be creatures of habit, and we argue that their habit of eating meals at the same time each day favored the maintenance of circadian rhythms, including their sleep cycle. Finally, we argue that centenarians' chronic inflammatory status, which we dubbed inflammaging, is peculiar, likely adaptive, and less detrimental than in younger people.

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Citations

Jul 12, 2019·Nature·Judith CampisiEric Verdin
Jan 11, 2020·Frontiers in Physiology·Jacopo SabbatinelliAngelica Giuliani
Jan 30, 2020·Frontiers in Endocrinology·Federico PontiAlberto Bazzocchi
Aug 23, 2020·Biomedicines·Elisa Sanchez-MorateCristina Mas-Bargues
Sep 29, 2020·Frontiers in Endocrinology·Antonello LorenziniAurelia Santoro
May 27, 2020·Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity·Arthur José Pontes Oliveira de AlmeidaIsac Almeida de Medeiros
Jan 4, 2020·Mechanisms of Ageing and Development·C BorrasJ Viña
Apr 7, 2021·The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences·Qian XiaoKatie Stone
Aug 16, 2021·Ageing Research Reviews·Aurelia SantoroDaniela Monti
Nov 6, 2018·Seminars in Immunology·Claudio FranceschiMassimiliano Bonafè
Sep 19, 2021·Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology·T FulopC Franceschi
Oct 27, 2021·Ageing Research Reviews·Alessandro GialluisiLicia Iacoviello
May 6, 2019·Gerontology·Tamàs FülöpJacek M Witkowski

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
chemical treatment

Software Mentioned

CALERIE

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