Nutrition support and clinical outcome in advanced cancer patients

The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society
A LavianoAngela Koverech

Abstract

Newly diagnosed cancer patients are frequently found suffering from a metastatic disease, which poses additional challenges to the delivery of effective therapies. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are associated with side effects which reduce tolerance to treatment and likelihood of tumour response. Identifying preventable factors of reduced response to therapy would translate into better care of cancer patients. Among other factors, malnutrition, as diagnosed by non-volitional weight loss, and cachexia, as revealed by sarcopenia, are universally recognised negative prognostic factors. Less certainty exists on the role of nutrition therapy in improving cancer patients' body composition and clinical outcome. The reasons for the lack of convincing evidence are manifold, mostly related to the poor design of nutritional trials. Metastatic cancer patients should receive a quantitatively and qualitatively adequate diet, and in case of reduced tolerance of food, artificial nutrition is indicated. Most importantly, nutritional care should target the underlying mechanisms of reduced food intake/impaired anabolic response, and aim at minimising the impact of catabolic crisis, to maximise the recovery phase. The combined and early use of sup...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 19, 2019·The American Journal of Hospice & Palliative Care·Luisa de Araújo Fonseca CordeiroJosé Firmino Nogueira Neto
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May 2, 2021·Clinical Nutrition : Official Journal of the European Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition·Alessandro LavianoCarla M Prado
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Aug 31, 2021·JPEN. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition·Michael A Chapek, Robert G Martindale

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