Nutritional support in surgical practice: Part II

American Journal of Surgery
M M MeguidW G Hammond

Abstract

On admission, a group of high-risk patients who are potential candidates for surgery can be identified, in whom prompt initiation of preoperative enteral or parenteral nutrition may reduce postoperative morbidity and mortality irrespective of the nutritional status. Among these are patients with inflammatory bowel disease, gastrointestinal fistulas, and pancreatitis. Substantial nutritional support has little or no direct effect upon the pathogenesis of the disease, but the discontinuance of oral intake may well have a beneficial effect on the basic disease process. Thus, the provision of enteral or parenteral nutrition gives the patient an optimal opportunity to marshal host defenses in support of healing. In organ system failures, e.g., acute renal failure, liver failure, and pulmonary failure, appropriate nutritional support may assist the patient in coping with the abnormal intermediary metabolism resulting from such failure until satisfactory organ system function returns. From this review, it seems reasonably clear that the initially malnourished patient is less able to successfully withstand the adverse effects of vigorous therapy and/or severe illness than is the well-nourished individual. Hence, correction of malnutrit...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 1, 1993·World Journal of Surgery·J A Windsor
Nov 1, 1990·Physiology & Behavior·M M MeguidW J Mueller
May 1, 1992·Physiology & Behavior·Z J YangM M Meguid
Sep 1, 1992·Physiology & Behavior·G BodokyM M Meguid
Mar 11, 2005·Gastrointestinal Endoscopy·Mario Del PianoEnrico Garello
Sep 24, 2008·World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG·Sacid CobanVedat Kirimlioglu
Mar 15, 2014·Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery : Official Journal of the Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract·M PragatheeswaraneVikram Kate
Apr 1, 1996·Intensive & Critical Care Nursing : the Official Journal of the British Association of Critical Care Nurses·S Verity
Apr 1, 2009·International Journal of Surgery·Ayman El NakeebMohamed Farid
Feb 1, 1993·Nutrition in Clinical Practice : Official Publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition·D T Hiyama
Jan 1, 1996·Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews·E I OparaW G Hammond

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