Obesity and CD8 T cell metabolism: Implications for anti-tumor immunity and cancer immunotherapy outcomes.

Immunological Reviews
William J TurbittLyse A Norian

Abstract

Obesity is an established risk factor for many cancers and has recently been found to alter the efficacy of T cell-based immunotherapies. Currently, however, the effects of obesity on immunometabolism remain unclear. Understanding these associations is critical, given the fact that T cell metabolism is tightly linked to effector function. Thus, any obesity-associated changes in T cell bioenergetics are likely to drive functional changes at the cellular level, alter the metabolome and cytokine/chemokine milieu, and impact cancer immunotherapy outcomes. Here, we provide a brief overview of T cell metabolism in the presence and absence of solid tumor growth and summarize current literature regarding obesity-associated changes in T cell function and bioenergetics. We also discuss recent findings related to the impact of host obesity on cancer immunotherapy outcomes and present potential mechanisms by which T cell metabolism may influence therapeutic efficacy. Finally, we describe promising pharmaceutical therapies that are being investigated for their ability to improve CD8 T cell metabolism and enhance cancer immunotherapy outcomes in patients, regardless of their obesity status.

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Citations

Apr 23, 2020·Immunological Reviews·Liza MakowskiJeffrey C Rathmell
Sep 16, 2020·Nature Metabolism·Graeme J KoelwynLee W Jones
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Jun 25, 2021·Cancer Communications·Yun WangRui-Hua Xu
Oct 8, 2020·Cell Metabolism·Maxim N Artyomov, Jan Van den Bossche

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