Observations of time-based measures of flow-mediated dilation of forearm conduit arteries: implications for the accurate assessment of endothelial function

American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology
Andrew LiuniJohn D Parker

Abstract

Endothelium-dependent flow-mediated dilation (FMD) is measured as the increase in diameter of a conduit artery in response to reactive hyperemia, assessed either at a fixed time point [usually 60-s post-cuff deflation (FMD(60))] or as the maximal dilation during a 5-min continuous, ECG-gated, measurement (FMD(max-cont)). Preliminary evidence suggests that the time between reactive hyperemia and peak dilation (time to FMD(max)) may provide an additional index of endothelial health. We measured FMD(max-cont), FMD(60), and time to FMD(max) in 30 young healthy volunteers, 22 healthy middle-aged adults, 16 smokers, 23 patients with hypertension, 40 patients with coronary artery disease, and 22 patients with heart failure. As previously reported, FMD(max-cont) was similar in healthy cohorts and was significantly blunted in smokers and all patient groups, whereas FMD(60) was significantly blunted only in heart failure patients. There was a wide within-group variability between measures of time to FMD(max) with no significant difference between normal and patient groups. Intra-arterial infusion of the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor N(omega)-monomethyl-l-arginine in eight healthy subjects resulted in a blunting of FMD(max-cont) (P < 0....Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 7, 2011·American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology·Beth A ParkerFrancis J Kiernan
Oct 19, 2010·American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology·Dick H J ThijssenDaniel J Green
May 25, 2012·American Journal of Veterinary Research·Elizabeth J T FindingNicola J Menzies-Gow
Sep 14, 2012·Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis·Pavel Poredos, Mateja Kaja Jezovnik
Mar 8, 2012·The American Journal of the Medical Sciences·Ting-xing ZhangJin-xiu Lin
Oct 22, 2011·Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research·Cristiana Di GennaroAlberto Montanari
Oct 15, 2013·Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging·Igor A FernandesAntonio C L da Nóbrega
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Mar 20, 2018·Journal of Investigative Medicine : the Official Publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research·Concetta IraceCiro Indolfi
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Nov 28, 2013·Hypertension·Daniel J GreenDick H J Thijssen
Dec 14, 2011·Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology·Sang Jin HaKwon Sam Kim
Jun 19, 2019·European Heart Journal·Dick H J ThijssenLorenzo Ghiadoni
Oct 18, 2011·American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology·Andrew LiuniJohn D Parker
Nov 14, 2012·European Journal of Clinical Investigation·Concetta IraceAgostino Gnasso
Feb 24, 2021·Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging·Dennis KannenkerilRoland E Schmieder

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