Abstract
Endothelium-dependent flow-mediated dilation (FMD) is measured as the increase in diameter of a conduit artery in response to reactive hyperemia, assessed either at a fixed time point [usually 60-s post-cuff deflation (FMD(60))] or as the maximal dilation during a 5-min continuous, ECG-gated, measurement (FMD(max-cont)). Preliminary evidence suggests that the time between reactive hyperemia and peak dilation (time to FMD(max)) may provide an additional index of endothelial health. We measured FMD(max-cont), FMD(60), and time to FMD(max) in 30 young healthy volunteers, 22 healthy middle-aged adults, 16 smokers, 23 patients with hypertension, 40 patients with coronary artery disease, and 22 patients with heart failure. As previously reported, FMD(max-cont) was similar in healthy cohorts and was significantly blunted in smokers and all patient groups, whereas FMD(60) was significantly blunted only in heart failure patients. There was a wide within-group variability between measures of time to FMD(max) with no significant difference between normal and patient groups. Intra-arterial infusion of the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor N(omega)-monomethyl-l-arginine in eight healthy subjects resulted in a blunting of FMD(max-cont) (P < 0....Continue Reading
References
Nov 7, 1992·Lancet·D S CelermajerJ E Deanfield
Aug 1, 1990·Journal of the American College of Cardiology·E G NabelP Ganz
Nov 1, 1995·Journal of the American College of Cardiology·T J AndersonA C Yeung
Nov 15, 2000·Circulation·L GhiadoniJ E Deanfield
Feb 7, 2001·Circulation Research·M J MullenR J MacAllister
Sep 6, 2001·Circulation·T GoriJ D Parker
Jan 15, 2002·Journal of the American College of Cardiology·Mary C CorrettiUNKNOWN International Brachial Artery Reactivity Task Force
Apr 3, 2002·Circulation·Noyan GokceJoseph A Vita
Aug 7, 2002·Circulation·Joseph A Vita, John F Keaney
Aug 27, 2002·The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging·Attila PálinkásEugenio Picano
May 28, 2003·Journal of the American College of Cardiology·Noyan GokceJoseph A Vita
Aug 2, 2003·Circulation Research·Zheng-Gen JinBradford C Berk
Oct 3, 2003·Journal of the American College of Cardiology·Michael E WidlanskyJoseph A Vita
Apr 6, 2004·Journal of Applied Physiology·Kyra E PykeMichael E Tschakovsky
Feb 9, 2005·Circulation·Tommaso GoriJohn D Parker
Sep 15, 2005·Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology·Saverio DragoniJohn D Parker
Aug 11, 2006·Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology·Saverio DragoniTommaso Gori
Dec 5, 2006·Journal of Hypertension·Damian CraiemAlain Simon
Feb 28, 2007·British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology·Tommaso GoriJohn D Parker
Dec 19, 2007·Hypertension·Mark A BlackDaniel J Green
Feb 28, 2008·Journal of Hypertension·Gilles ChironiAlain Simon
May 17, 2008·Journal of the American College of Cardiology·Tommaso GoriJohn D Parker
May 17, 2008·Journal of the American College of Cardiology·Ann E DonaldJohn E Deanfield
Apr 4, 2009·Physiological Reviews·J-L BalligandC Dessy
Oct 28, 2009·Heart·T GoriJ D Parker
Nov 3, 2009·American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology·Kyra PykeMichael Tschakovsky
Citations
Jun 7, 2011·American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology·Beth A ParkerFrancis J Kiernan
Oct 19, 2010·American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology·Dick H J ThijssenDaniel J Green
May 25, 2012·American Journal of Veterinary Research·Elizabeth J T FindingNicola J Menzies-Gow
Sep 14, 2012·Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis·Pavel Poredos, Mateja Kaja Jezovnik
Sep 4, 2014·Current Hypertension Reports·Tracey L Weissgerber
Mar 8, 2012·The American Journal of the Medical Sciences·Ting-xing ZhangJin-xiu Lin
Oct 22, 2011·Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research·Cristiana Di GennaroAlberto Montanari
Oct 15, 2013·Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging·Igor A FernandesAntonio C L da Nóbrega
Oct 16, 2015·Journal of Human Hypertension·C TripolinoC Irace
Aug 27, 2011·Inhalation Toxicology·Paul T CutrufelloGeorgios A Stylianides
Mar 20, 2018·Journal of Investigative Medicine : the Official Publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research·Concetta IraceCiro Indolfi
Nov 7, 2015·Journal of the American Heart Association·Alejandro MarinosCyndya A Shibao
Jun 19, 2013·Hypertension·D Walter WrayRussell S Richardson
Nov 28, 2013·Hypertension·Daniel J GreenDick H J Thijssen
Dec 14, 2011·Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology·Sang Jin HaKwon Sam Kim
Nov 15, 2016·Hypertension·Kelsey McLaughlinJohn C P Kingdom
Apr 11, 2019·PloS One·Joseph F PolakDhananjay Vaidya
Jun 19, 2019·European Heart Journal·Dick H J ThijssenLorenzo Ghiadoni
Oct 18, 2011·American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology·Andrew LiuniJohn D Parker
Nov 14, 2012·European Journal of Clinical Investigation·Concetta IraceAgostino Gnasso
Jan 1, 2021·Angiology·Theresa HerbrandJ Hans DeVries
Oct 30, 2020·Journal of Applied Physiology·Jennifer L PettersonDerek S Kimmerly
Feb 24, 2021·Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging·Dennis KannenkerilRoland E Schmieder