Occurrence and ecological risk assessment of fluoroquinolone antibiotics in hospital waste of Lahore, Pakistan

Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology
Muhammad AshfaqChang-Ping Yu

Abstract

In the present study, wastewater and sludge samples of two major hospitals of Lahore, Pakistan were analyzed by developing an HPLC-UV method for the possible occurrence of five frequently used fluoroquinolone antibiotics i.e. ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, sparfloxacin, moxifloxacin and gemifloxacin. The highest detected concentration was for moxifloxacin in both wastewater (224 μg/L) and sludge samples (219 μg/kg. The highest concentration of ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, sparfloxacin and gemifloxacin were found to be 66, 18, 58 and 0.2 μg/L respectively. Risk quotient (RQ) was also calculated based on maximum measured concentrations and the RQ values were very high particularly for ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin. The maximum RQ values for ofloxacin against Vibrio fisheri, Pseudomonas putida, fish, Daphnia, Green algae and Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata were 3300, 66,000, 124, 46, 3300 and 6000, respectively. In case of ciprofloxacin, RQ values were found to be 1750 and 3500 against green algae and Microcystis aeruginosa, respectively.

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Citations

Nov 5, 2016·Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety·Muhammad AshfaqChang-Ping Yu
Dec 15, 2016·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Petra C Lindholm-LehtoJuha S Knuutinen
Sep 6, 2017·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Fawzia A IbrahimIbrahim F Abo-Elmagd
Jan 8, 2019·Journal of Chromatographic Science·Nadezhda A Nekrasova, Svetlana V Kurbatova
Sep 10, 2020·Journal of Environmental Science and Health. Part. B, Pesticides, Food Contaminants, and Agricultural Wastes·Cláudio E T ParenteOlaf Malm
Sep 23, 2020·Water Science and Technology : a Journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research·Joydeep Dutta, Aijaz Ahmad Mala
Jun 20, 2020·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Victor Rezende MoreiraMarcelo Machado Viana
Mar 30, 2019·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Munir AhmadMohammad I Al-Wabel
Sep 28, 2020·Environmental Analysis, Health and Toxicology·Soumitra NathBibhas Deb
Aug 12, 2020·Journal of Environmental Management·Hudda Khaleeq KhanRiffat Naseem Malik
Nov 7, 2020·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Feng ZhuGang Xu
Jan 22, 2021·Environmental Monitoring and Assessment·Najmul Haque Barbhuiya, Asok Adak

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