Occurrence of antibiotics and risk of antibiotic resistance evolution in selected Kenyan wastewaters, surface waters and sediments

The Science of the Total Environment
Pius KairigoTuula Tuhkanen

Abstract

Active pharmaceutical ingredients, especially antibiotics, are micropollutants whose continuous flow into hydrological cycles has the potential to mediate antibiotic resistance in the environment and cause toxicity to sensitive organisms. Here, we investigated the levels of selected antibiotics in four wastewater treatment plants and the receiving water bodies. The measured environmental concentrations were compared with the proposed compound-specific predicted no-effect concentration for resistance selection values. The concentration of doxycycline, amoxicillin, sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin within the influents, effluents, surface waters and river sediments ranged between 0.2 and 49.3 μgL-1, 0.1 to 21.4 μgL-1; ˂ 0.1 and 56.6 μgL-1; and 1.8 and 47.4 μgkg-1, respectively. Compared to the effluent concentrations, the surface waters upstream and downstream one of the four studied treatment plants showed two to five times higher concentrations of ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin and sulfamethoxazole. The risk quotient for bacterial resistance selection in effluent and surface water ranged between ˂0.1 and 53, indicating a medium to high risk of antibiotic resistance developing within the study areas. Ther...Continue Reading

Citations

Oct 25, 2020·The Science of the Total Environment·Rabeea ZafarMuhammad Arshad
Oct 18, 2020·Journal of Environmental Management·Lijin HuangQin Shuai
Apr 24, 2021·Chemosphere·Theresa AdesanyaAnnemieke Farenhorst
Jun 27, 2021·Environment International·Jessica I Nieto-JuárezFélix Hernández
Jul 3, 2021·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Kazım KöseLokman Uzun
Jul 15, 2021·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Marisa de Jesus Silva ChavesEdnei Gilberto Primel
Sep 4, 2021·Environmental Pollution·Carolina Rodrigues Dos SantosMíriam Cristina Santos Amaral
Aug 12, 2021·Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry·Jamie HarrowerKarin Helwig

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