PMID: 8612006Jan 1, 1995Paper

Ochratoxin A levels in human milk and related food samples: an exposure assessment

Natural Toxins
M MiragliaE Miraglia

Abstract

Ochratoxin A (OA) is a mycotoxin detected in a variety of food and feeds mostly from countries with temperate or continental climate, because the fungi that produce it, mainly Aspergillus ochraceus, Penicillium verrucosum, and Penicillium viridicatum, can grow under a great variety of climate conditions. The aim of this article was, firstly, to confirm the occurrence of OA in human milk in Italy. Then, a preliminary calculation of OA intake via human milk was made, from ingested food. For this investigation, food and milk samples were collected, continuously for a week, from 4 lactating mothers. The obtained results revealed a significant exposure of sucklings and mothers to OA levels higher than the tolerable daily intake as estimated from animal models. On the basis of these data, a major effort in planning surveillance and research programs to control OA contamination in food, feed, and biological fluids should be pursued.

References

Feb 1, 1988·Zeitschrift Für Lebensmittel-Untersuchung Und -Forschung·M GareisB Gedek
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Citations

Jun 1, 2000·Mycotoxin Research·A El-Sayed Abd AllaS E Aly
Jul 16, 2005·Food Additives and Contaminants·S A NavasD B Rodriguez-Amaya
Dec 8, 2005·Food Additives and Contaminants·Peter M Scott
Oct 25, 2002·Avian Pathology : Journal of the W.V.P.A·Krisztina BiróJohanna Fink-Gremmels
Jan 14, 2012·Biointerphases·N M GibsonO Shenderova
Jan 5, 2016·International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health·H FrommeC Gottschalk
Sep 14, 2000·Medical Hypotheses·K Anttila
Dec 30, 2006·Molecular Nutrition & Food Research·Annie Pfohl-Leszkowicz, Richard A Manderville
Mar 14, 2008·Molecular Nutrition & Food Research·Fabio GalvanoDiego Gazzolo
Feb 3, 2005·Journal of Pineal Research·Mosaad A Abdel-WahhabMohey El-Lithey
Sep 1, 2020·Journal of Food Protection·Karine JoubraneElie Awad
Feb 26, 2010·Journal of Environmental Science and Health. Part. B, Pesticides, Food Contaminants, and Agricultural Wastes·Dragan R MilićevićSasa D Janković
May 19, 2012·Toxins·Eline P Meulenberg
Jul 8, 2016·Toxins·Frantisek MalirJakub Toman
Jan 1, 2010·Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety·Rajeev BhatA A Karim
Feb 21, 2002·Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry·Lucile SageEdmond E Creppy

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