Ocular Counter Rolling in Astronauts After Short- and Long-Duration Spaceflight

Scientific Reports
Millard F ReschkeG Clément

Abstract

Ocular counter-rolling (OCR) is a reflex generated by the activation of the gravity sensors in the inner ear that stabilizes gaze and posture during head tilt. We compared the OCR measures that were obtained in 6 astronauts before, during, and after a spaceflight lasting 4-6 days with the OCR measures obtained from 6 astronauts before and after a spaceflight lasting 4-9 months. OCR in the short-duration fliers was measured using the afterimage method during head tilt at 15°, 30°, and 45°. OCR in the long-duration fliers was measured using video-oculography during whole body tilt at 25°. A control group of 7 subjects was used to compare OCR measures during head tilt and whole body tilt. No OCR occurred during head tilt in microgravity, and the response returned to normal within 2 hours of return from short-duration spaceflight. However, the amplitude of OCR was reduced for several days after return from long-duration spaceflight. This decrease in amplitude was not accompanied by changes in the asymmetry of OCR between right and left head tilt. These results indicate that the adaptation  of otolith-driven reflexes to microgravity is a long-duration process.

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Citations

Apr 16, 2020·Journal of Neurophysiology·Gilles R ClémentWilliam H Paloski
May 20, 2021·Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO·Richard Boyle, Joseph Varelas
Jun 1, 2021·Frontiers in Physiology·Anika Friedl-WernerStephane Besnard
Jun 3, 2021·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Konstantinos AdamopoulosGeorge I Lambrou

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