PMID: 6981867Jan 1, 1982Paper

Ocular irritancy responses to various pHs of acids and bases with and without irrigation

Toxicology
J C MurphyG W Bierbower

Abstract

Acids and alkalies were instilled into the eyes of 2 groups of rabbits; the eyes of one group were washed with tap water 30 s after exposure. Damage seen in washed and unwashed eyes was not always related to pH. Some strong acids with greater acidity than pH 2.5 produced opacities while 0.3% hydrochloric acid with a pH of 1.28 produced no ocular damage. Phenol (5%) and acetic acid (5%) with pHs greater than 2.5 produced damage equivalent to or greater than that produced by equal concentrations (w/v) of the mineral acids. All alkalies with pHs ranging from 11.5 to 13.5 produced opacities and other ocular damage of different degrees depending upon the alkali and its concentration. For example, low concentrations of some alkalies in the pH range from 11.3 to 12.8 produced no ocular changes. The duration of the corneal opacities produced by phenol, 1% sodium hydroxide, acetic acid and anhydrous sodium carbonate and the onset of corneal opacity produced by 5% sulfuric acid, the weak acids and 1% sodium hydroxide were reduced as a result of washing the test eyes 30 s after instillation of the test material. These data suggest that acidity and alkalinity of the test material are not the only factors to be considered in relation to a s...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 11, 1992·Journal of Applied Toxicology : JAT·G L Kennedy, A K Banerjee
Nov 14, 1997·Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology·S MurinS J Reilly
Feb 1, 1984·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·S J Williams
Feb 1, 1985·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·S J Williams
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Jan 1, 1991·Toxicology in Vitro : an International Journal Published in Association with BIBRA·L H BrunerV C Muir
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Jun 1, 1986·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·R S LawrenceW E Parish
Feb 25, 2010·Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology·Yutaka TakahashiNaohiro Nishiyama
Aug 13, 2002·The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Exotic Animal Practice·Stephanie Ladd Beaumont
Feb 6, 2008·Toxicology in Vitro : an International Journal Published in Association with BIBRA·Yutaka TakahashiNaohiro Nishiyama
May 28, 2014·International Journal of Toxicology·Monice M FiumeF Alan Andersen
Oct 1, 2009·Retinal Cases & Brief Reports·Odette M Houghton, Raymond Iezzi

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