Ocular Syphilis and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Coinfection Among Syphilis Patients in North Carolina, 2014-2016

Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Anna CopeErika Samoff

Abstract

Ocular syphilis (OS) has been associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection previously. We compared demographic and clinical characteristics of syphilis patients with and without HIV to identify risk factors for developing OS. We reviewed all syphilis cases (early and late) reported to the North Carolina Division of Public Health during 2014 to 2016 and categorized HIV status (positive, negative, unknown) and OS status based on report of ocular symptoms with no other defined etiology. We estimated prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for OS by HIV status. Among syphilis patients with HIV, we compared viral loads and CD4 cell counts by OS status. We compared symptom resolution by HIV status for a subset of OS patients. Among 7123 confirmed syphilis cases, 2846 (39.9%) were living with HIV, 109 (1.5%) had OS, and 59 (0.8%) had both. Ocular syphilis was more prevalent in syphilis patients with HIV compared to HIV-negative/unknown-status patients (PR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.2-2.6). Compared with other patients with HIV, the prevalence of OS was higher in patients with viral loads greater than 200 copies/mL (1.7; 1.0-2.8) and in patients with a CD4 count of 200 cells/mL or less (PR, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.3-4.2)...Continue Reading

References

Apr 1, 1997·Archives of Ophthalmology·I A ShalabyD A Jabs
Mar 25, 1998·American Journal of Ophthalmology·I C KuoN A Rao
Mar 18, 2000·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·A V VillanuevaM P Reyes
Oct 4, 2005·Sexually Transmitted Infections·S T SadiqI V D Weller
Apr 5, 2007·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Nicola M Zetola, Jeffrey D Klausner
Aug 2, 2007·Sexually Transmitted Diseases·Christine E ParcDominique Salmon-Ceron
Feb 2, 2010·Sexually Transmitted Diseases·Damien BiottiLionel Piroth
Jul 8, 2010·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Jonathan Z LiGregory K Robbins
Aug 28, 2010·Sexually Transmitted Infections·Joseph D TuckerDonna Felsenstein
Jun 14, 2014·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Rashmi G MathewMark C Westcott
Oct 16, 2015·MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report·Sophie WoolstonMatthew R Golden
Feb 6, 2016·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Jan G BollemeijerLeonoor I Los
Jul 16, 2016·Sexually Transmitted Diseases·Sara OliverChristina M Marra
Nov 5, 2016·MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report·Sara E OliverLauri Markowitz
Oct 12, 2017·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Sara E OliverUNKNOWN Ocular Syphilis Disease Investigation Specialists Workgroup

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

May 31, 2019·Sexually Transmitted Diseases·Lindsay K HixsonTimothy W Menza
May 13, 2020·Ocular Immunology and Inflammation·Remco P H PetersJohn H Kempen
Jul 14, 2020·Ocular Immunology and Inflammation·Rafael de Pinho QueirozDaniel Vitor Vasconcelos-Santos
Jul 12, 2019·Sexually Transmitted Diseases·Lindsay K HixsonTimothy W Menza
Jun 21, 2021·Survey of Ophthalmology·João M FurtadoJustine R Smith

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.

Related Papers

JAAPA : Official Journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants
Stephanie D Kurtz, Francois Rollin
International Journal of STD & AIDS
A C WeintrobB K Agan
Journal of the National Medical Association
Allen S Funnyé, Abbasi J Akhtar
Dermatologic Clinics
Jill Stevenson, Michelle Heath
© 2022 Meta ULC. All rights reserved