Olfactory receptor and circuit evolution promote host specialization.

Nature
Thomas O. AuerRichard Benton

Abstract

The evolution of animal behaviour is poorly understood1,2. Despite numerous correlations between interspecific divergence in behaviour and nervous system structure and function, demonstrations of the genetic basis of these behavioural differences remain rare3-5. Here we develop a neurogenetic model, Drosophila sechellia, a species that displays marked differences in behaviour compared to its close cousin Drosophila melanogaster6,7, which are linked to its extreme specialization on noni fruit (Morinda citrifolia)8-16. Using calcium imaging, we identify olfactory pathways in D. sechellia that detect volatiles emitted by the noni host. Our mutational analysis indicates roles for different olfactory receptors in long- and short-range attraction to noni, and our cross-species allele-transfer experiments demonstrate that the tuning of one of these receptors is important for species-specific host-seeking. We identify the molecular determinants of this functional change, and characterize their evolutionary origin and behavioural importance. We perform circuit tracing in the D. sechellia brain, and find that receptor adaptations are accompanied by increased sensory pooling onto interneurons as well as species-specific central projection...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 15, 2020·Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics·Natalie Niepoth, Andres Bendesky
Sep 23, 2020·Nature Communications·Matteo RossiRichard M Merrill
Apr 2, 2020·Malaria Journal·Ali Afify, Christopher J Potter
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Feb 14, 2021·Scientific Reports·Kalpana JainDieter Wicher
Dec 22, 2020·Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience·Kosei Sato, Daisuke Yamamoto
Feb 21, 2021·Neuron·Nicholas Jourjine, Hopi E Hoekstra
Feb 16, 2021·Molecular Biology and Evolution·Sylvia M DurkinLi Zhao
Feb 19, 2021·Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience·Lina Ni
Sep 17, 2020·Science Advances·Mohammed A KhallafMarkus Knaden
May 27, 2021·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Vikram ChandraDaniel J C Kronauer
Jul 11, 2021·Science·Yasuka TodaMaude W Baldwin
Aug 6, 2021·Nature·Josefina Del MármolVanessa Ruta
Aug 26, 2021·Evolutionary Applications·Keith R HopperKathryn Lanier

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
transgenic
PCR

Key Resources (RRID) Mentioned

BDSC

Software Mentioned

PAML
BLAST
Amira
neuTube
Excel
tblastn
VCFtools
Fiji
Imaris
Fiji Manager

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