Olfactory sphere cells are a cell source for γ-aminobutyric acid-producing neurons

Journal of Neuroscience Research
Yu-ichiro OhnishiToshiki Yoshimine

Abstract

Olfactory sphere cells (OSCs) are stem cells generated by culturing olfactory mucosa. Adult rat OSCs express oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPC) markers and differentiate into mature oligodendrocytes. Although OSCs also express nestin, a marker of neural stem cells (NSCs), it remains unclear whether adult rat OSCs are multipotent and capable of giving rise to neurons as well as oligodendrocytes. Valproic acid (VPA) is a histone deacetylase inhibitor that has the contradictory capacity to induce both differentiation of NSCs and dedifferentiation of OPCs. This study investigates a potential role for VPA in inducing either differentiation or dedifferentiation of adult rat OSCs. Treatment of OSCs with VPA induced hyperacetylation of histones and decreased cell proliferation in the absence of changes in the number of nestin-positive cells. Furthermore, VPA promoted the genesis of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-producing neurons identified by expression of Tuj1/GAD67/GABA while repressing oligodendrocyte production. These findings suggest that OSCs treated with VPA did not exhibit stem cell properties indicative of dedifferentiation but rather switched to a neuronal identity during their terminal differentiation. OSCs were then transpl...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 12, 2016·Journal of Neurosurgery. Spine·Yu-Ichiro OhnishiToshiki Yoshimine
Jan 24, 2018·Journal of Neurotrauma·Jean-Claude StamegnaFrançois S Roman
Apr 21, 2017·Journal of Child Neurology·Harvey B Sarnat, Laura Flores-Sarnat

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