Omphalocele and gastroschisis: Black-White disparity in infant survival

Birth Defects Research. Part A, Clinical and Molecular Teratology
Hamisu M SalihuRussell S Kirby

Abstract

Racial/ethnic variations in the occurrence of abdominal wall defects have been previously noted but it remains poorly understood whether race/ethnicity is a determinant of survival among affected infants. Study was conducted on cases of gastroschisis and omphalocele recorded for the years 1983-1999 at the New York Congenital Malformation Registry. Adjusted and unadjusted hazard ratios were generated from a Proportional Hazards Regression model to compare survival among affected Blacks, Hispanics and Whites. The major end point of analysis was differences in all cause mortality among infants with abdominal wall birth defects across different racial/ethnic groups. Among the three racial/ethnic groups, 1481 infants were diagnosed with either omphalocele (978 or 66%) or gastroschisis (503 or 34%). Overall infant mortality rate (IMR) was 182 per 1000, with 74% of the deaths occurring within the first 28 days of life. Omphalocele infants had significantly higher infant mortality (IMR = 215 per 1000) than infants with gastroschisis (IMR = 118 per 1000)[p < 0.0001]. Overall, Black infants with abdominal wall defects had lower mortality indices than Whites and Hispanics. However, when considered as separate disease entities, Black infan...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 12, 2008·Maternal and Child Health Journal·Hamisu M SalihuLo Berry
Jun 30, 2009·Maternal and Child Health Journal·Amina P AlioHamisu M Salihu
May 14, 2008·Current Opinion in Pediatrics·Saleem Islam
Jun 9, 2007·Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy·Denise A NettaN Scott Adzick
Nov 17, 2011·Journal of Perinatal Medicine·Ingolf Juhasz-BössGabriele Meyberg-Solomayer
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Oct 1, 2011·Birth Defects Research. Part A, Clinical and Molecular Teratology·Ying WangRussell S Kirby
Apr 12, 2006·Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care·Olivier Goulet, Frédérique Sauvat

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Birth defects encompass structural and functional alterations that occur during embryonic or fetal development and are present since birth. The cause may be genetic, environmental or unknown and can result in physical and/or mental impairment. Here is the latest research on birth defects.