On the consideration of automatic as well as controlled psychological processes in aggression

Aggressive Behavior
L Berkowitz

Abstract

Without slighting the important role played by controlled psychological processes in human aggression, this paper recommends that considerable systematic attention should also be given to the operation of automatic processes in bringing about this behavior. The concepts of automaticity and impulsivity are discussed briefly and it is proposed that many impulsive actions, particularly antisocial ones, are due to failures of restraint after they were initiated involuntarily. A number of experiments are reviewed in which situational stimuli automatically instigated or heightened aggressive inclinations. These have to do with associations in hostility displacement, reactions to stigmatized persons, and association in aggressive reactions to media violence. The last-mentioned studies deal especially with factors affecting the selection of the target for aggression. In discussing these findings it is suggested that after the crucial situational features had automatically initiated the sequence of determinants, the aggression displayed could have been due either to a hostile appraisal of the target or the activation of aggression-related bodily reactions as well as hostile ideas. It is also hypothesized that in at least one of the stud...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 14, 2011·Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review·Ernest N JourilesJohn H Grych
Sep 26, 2009·Perspectives on Psychological Science : a Journal of the Association for Psychological Science·Kenneth A Dodge
Feb 4, 2014·Journal of Nonverbal Behavior·Michal Parzuchowski, Bogdan Wojciszke
Jan 15, 2014·Brain Injury : [BI]·Gordon Muir GilesDavid Manchester
Mar 11, 2015·Clinical Psychology Review·Erica L Birkley, Christopher I Eckhardt
Jul 29, 2010·Aggressive Behavior·John ArcherVan Lal Thanzami
Mar 30, 2011·Bipolar Disorders·Alan C SwannF Gerard Moeller
Sep 21, 2010·Aggressive Behavior·Juliette RichetinDavid M Boykin
Feb 26, 2013·Aggressive Behavior·Claire Lawrence, Laura Hutchinson
Oct 28, 2009·Aggressive Behavior·Matthias BluemkeJoerg Zumbach
Jan 1, 2010·International Social Science Journal·Roberto E Mercadillo, Nallely A Arias
Sep 9, 2016·Aggressive Behavior·Elizabeth A BatesNicola Graham-Kevan
Jun 11, 2015·Violence Against Women·Christopher I EckhardtJoel G Sprunger
Feb 16, 2012·Journal of Interpersonal Violence·Christopher I EckhardtAmy Holtzworth-Munroe
Feb 6, 2017·Nordic Journal of Psychiatry·Heidi Selenius, Susanne Strand
May 21, 2013·The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease·Susana OchoaJosep Maria Haro
Jan 1, 2015·Aggressive Behavior·Matthias Bluemke, Sarah Teige-Mocigemba
Jul 2, 2021·Clinical Psychological Science : a Journal of the Association for Psychological Science·Christopher I EckhardtJoel G Sprunger

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