On the Evolutionary History of Uleiella chilensis, a Smut Fungus Parasite of Araucaria araucana in South America: Uleiellales ord. nov. in Ustilaginomycetes

PloS One
Kai RiessSigisfredo Garnica

Abstract

The evolutionary history, divergence times and phylogenetic relationships of Uleiella chilensis (Ustilaginomycotina, smut fungi) associated with Araucaria araucana were analysed. DNA sequences from multiple gene regions and morphology were analysed and compared to other members of the Basidiomycota to determine the phylogenetic placement of smut fungi on gymnosperms. Divergence time estimates indicate that the majority of smut fungal orders diversified during the Triassic-Jurassic period. However, the origin and relationships of several orders remain uncertain. The most recent common ancestor between Uleiella chilensis and Violaceomyces palustris has been dated to the Lower Cretaceous. Comparisons of divergence time estimates between smut fungi and host plants lead to the hypothesis that the early Ustilaginomycotina had a saprobic lifestyle. As there are only two extant species of Araucaria in South America, each hosting a unique Uleiella species, we suggest that either coevolution or a host shift followed by allopatric speciation are the most likely explanations for the current geographic restriction of Uleiella and its low diversity. Phylogenetic and age estimation analyses, ecology, the unusual life-cycle and the peculiar co...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 18, 2018·Molecular Biology and Evolution·Teeratas KijpornyongpanM Catherine Aime
Jun 10, 2017·Microbiology Spectrum·Marco A CoelhoTatiana Giraud

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
KF061293
KF061319
KF061318
KP413031

Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
PCRs
transmission electron microscopy

Software Mentioned

DIALIGN
Se
trimAl
PubMed
Al
Sequencher
MAFFT
TX
LOCKSS
MrBayes

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