On the phylogenetic placement of human T cell leukemia virus type 1 sequences associated with an Andean mummy

Infection, Genetics and Evolution : Journal of Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics in Infectious Diseases
Michael CoulthartGregory A Dekaban

Abstract

Recently, the putative finding of ancient human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) long terminal repeat (LTR) DNA sequences in association with a 1500-year-old Chilean mummy has stirred vigorous debate. The debate is based partly on the inherent uncertainties associated with phylogenetic reconstruction when only short sequences of closely related genotypes are available. However, a full analysis of what phylogenetic information is present in the mummy data has not previously been published, leaving open the question of what precisely is the range of admissible interpretation. To fulfill this need, we re-analyzed the mummy data in a new way. We first performed phylogenetic analysis of 188 published LTR DNA sequences from extant strains belonging to the HTLV-1 Cosmopolitan clade, using the method of statistical parsimony which is designed both to optimize phylogenetic resolution among sequences with little evolutionary divergence, and to permit precise mapping of individual sequence mutations onto branches of a divergence network. We then deduced possible phylogenetic positions for the two main categories of published Chilean mummy sequences, based on their published 157-nucleotide LTR sequences. The possible phylogenetic plac...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 5, 2007·Nature Reviews. Microbiology·Kevin K AriënEric J Arts
Sep 18, 2009·Retrovirology·Jean-Michel TermeAlbert Jordan
May 23, 2012·Human Immunology·Geraldine M O'ConnorDaniel W McVicar
Aug 28, 2012·Infection, Genetics and Evolution : Journal of Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics in Infectious Diseases·Anton AndonovGregory A Dekaban
Mar 23, 2007·The Lancet Infectious Diseases·Kristien VerdonckEduardo Gotuzzo

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