On the role of the SMA in the discrete sequence production task: a TMS study. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Neuropsychologia
W B VerweyJack van Honk

Abstract

Participants practiced two discrete six-key sequences for a total of 420 trials. The 1 x 6 sequence had a unique order of key presses while the 2 x 3 sequence involved repetition of a three-key segment. Both sequences showed a long interkey interval halfway the sequence indicating hierarchical sequence control in that not only the 2 x 3 but also the 1 x 6 sequence was executed as two successive motor chunks. Besides, the second part of both sequences was executed faster than the first part. This supports the earlier notion of a motor processor executing the elements of familiar motor chunks and a cognitive processor triggering either these motor chunks or individual sequence elements. Low-frequency, off-line transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the supplementary motor area (SMA) counteracted normal improvement with practice of key presses at all sequence positions. Together, these results are in line with the notion that with moderate practice, the SMA executes short sequence fragments that are concatenated by other brain structures.

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Citations

Jan 4, 2013·Experimental Brain Research·Nicholas F Wymbs, Scott T Grafton
May 28, 2013·Journal of Experimental Child Psychology·Marit F L RuitenbergWillem B Verwey
Jul 8, 2011·Journal of Motor Behavior·Ziyad MakoshiPaul van Donkelaar
Oct 1, 2013·Neuroreport·Sachi IkudomeShiro Mori
Aug 2, 2002·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Andreas Meyer-LindenbergKaren Faith Berman
Feb 12, 2013·Psychological Research·Willem B VerweyMarit F L Ruitenberg
Jan 15, 2016·Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience·Andrea AlamiaAlexandre Zénon
Jan 13, 2009·Human Movement Science·Willem B VerweyLuis Jiménez
Jul 24, 2004·The Journal of Physiology·Tarek SharsharMichael I Polkey
Sep 3, 2009·The Journal of Physiology·Masashi HamadaYoshikazu Ugawa
Dec 3, 2014·Cortex; a Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior·Sébastien HélieF Gregory Ashby
Feb 12, 2015·Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience·Sebastien HelieF Gregory Ashby
May 27, 2015·Brain and Cognition·Sachi IkudomeShiro Mori
Feb 4, 2014·Neuropsychologia·Marit F L RuitenbergElger L Abrahamse
Nov 26, 2014·Psychonomic Bulletin & Review·Willem B VerweyDavid L Wright
Jun 28, 2016·Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews·Ingo HertrichHermann Ackermann
Sep 15, 2016·Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience·Brighid LynchTimothy Verstynen
Sep 30, 2016·Psychological Research·Yaakov HoffmanDarren J Edwards
Oct 30, 2004·The Journal of Physiology·Kaoru MatsunagaJohn C Rothwell
Mar 27, 2019·Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience·Svetlana PinetF-Xavier Alario
May 21, 2020·Journal of Neurophysiology·Sean P AndersonTaraz G Lee
May 20, 2018·Psychonomic Bulletin & Review·Taraz G LeeScott T Grafton
Apr 25, 2003·Journal of Motor Behavior·William B Verwey, Teun Eikelboom
Nov 9, 2018·Cognitive, Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience·Willem B VerweyJocelyne Ventre-Dominey
Oct 6, 2021·Experimental Brain Research·Jack P SolomonShaun G Boe

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