Oncolytic herpes simplex virus tumor targeting and neutralization escape by engineering viral envelope glycoproteins

Drug Delivery
Xiao-Qin LiuHong-Wu Xin

Abstract

Oncolytic herpes simplex viruses (oHSVs) have been approved for clinical usage and become more and more popular for tumor virotherapy. However, there are still many issues for the oHSVs used in clinics and clinical trials. The main issues are the limited anti-tumor effects, intratumor injection, and some side effects. To overcome such challenges, here we review the genetic engineering of the envelope glycoproteins for oHSVs to target tumors specifically, and at the same time we summarize the many neutralization antibodies against the envelope glycoproteins and align the neutralization epitopes with functional domains of the respective glycoproteins for future identification of new functions of the glycoproteins and future engineering of the epitopes to escape from host neutralization.

References

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Citations

Aug 15, 2020·Frontiers in Oncology·Wen-Qi CaiHong-Wu Xin
May 7, 2020·Frontiers in Oncology·Lizhi LiJian Ma
Jun 4, 2020·Investigational New Drugs·Zi-Wen HanHong-Wu Xin
Nov 25, 2020·Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery·Shunchuan Zhang, Samuel D Rabkin
Nov 11, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Laura Menotti, Elisa Avitabile
Jul 27, 2021·Frontiers in Genetics·Shao-Li HuangHong-Wu Xin
Oct 14, 2021·Molecular Medicine Reports·Mo-Yu WangHong-Wu Xin

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Antibody Specificity

Antibodies produced by B cells are highly specific for antigen as a result of random gene recombination and somatic hypermutation and affinity maturation. As the main effector of the humoral immune system, antibodies can neutralize foreign cells. Find the latest research on antibody specificity here.

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