One-year chronic toxicity of madder color in F344 rats--induction of preneoplastic/neoplastic lesions in the kidney and liver

Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association
Kaoru InoueAkiyoshi Nishikawa

Abstract

To evaluate chronic toxicity of madder color (MC), a natural food colorant extracted from the roots of Rubia tinctorum L., F344 rats were fed diet containing 0%, 0.2%, 1.0% or 5.0% MC for 53 weeks. Hematological changes including anemia and serum biochemical alterations indicating hepatotoxicity were demonstrated at 5.0% in both sexes. Relative weights of the liver were significantly increased from 1.0% in both sexes, and those of the kidney were significantly increased from 1.0% in males and from 0.2% in females. Histopathologically, atypical renal tubule hyperplasias were increased at 1.0% or higher in both sexes in association with increase of cell proliferative activity in the tubules. A renal cell adenoma was observed in a male rat receiving 5.0% MC. In addition, glutathione S-transferase placental form-positive liver cell foci were significantly increased at 5.0% in both sexes. These results indicate that MC has chronic toxicity targeting kidney, liver and blood cells. Moreover, the results strongly suggest that MC may have the carcinogenic potential in the kidney and the liver.

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Citations

Jan 27, 2009·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·Kaoru InoueAkiyoshi Nishikawa
Nov 27, 2008·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·Kaoru InoueAkiyoshi Nishikawa
Sep 17, 2011·Environmental Toxicology·E Arzu Koçkaya, Aysun Kılıç
Feb 6, 2020·Biotechnic & Histochemistry : Official Publication of the Biological Stain Commission·C J Cooksey
Nov 26, 2021·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Harold S FreemanGisela A Umbuzeiro

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