One-year inhibition of tumor necrosis factor-alpha: a major success or a larger puzzle?

Current Opinion in Rheumatology
W B Graninger, J S Smolen

Abstract

The concept suggesting the involvement of the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been demonstrated by several clinical trials targeting TNF-alpha. In addition to reduction of pain and swelling, a dramatic effect of TNF blocking therapies on the progression of joint destruction was shown. Nevertheless, complete remissions of the disease are rare even with these powerful therapeutic agents, and the optimal doses and dosage intervals of TNF blockers remain to be determined. Some insights into the pathogenesis of RA are provided by studying the effects of therapeutic TNF blockade on the biology of the disease. The fact that inflammation is not completely halted and destruction is ongoing in some patients suggests that other mechanisms may also be involved, including other cytokines such as interleukin-1 and interleukin-6. In addition to the necessity of understanding the pathogenic events proximal to TNF-alpha induction, pharmacologic intervention with small molecules in the TNF signaling pathways may constitute a promising strategy.

References

Oct 15, 1992·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·R O WilliamsR N Maini
Aug 1, 1995·Clinical and Experimental Immunology·R N MainiM Feldmann
Apr 29, 1998·Arthritis and Rheumatism·F SchiavonS Todesco
Dec 31, 1998·Arthritis and Rheumatism·B BresnihanP Musikic
May 18, 1999·Rheumatology·G SteinerJ S Smolen
Feb 26, 2000·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·M SenD A Carson
Feb 29, 2000·Arthritis and Rheumatism·E M GravalleseS R Goldring
May 10, 2000·Current Opinion in Rheumatology·S R Goldring, E M Gravallese
Jun 2, 2000·Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases·J Braun, J Sieper
Oct 29, 2000·Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases·N NishimotoK Yoshizaki
Oct 29, 2000·Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases·P L van Riel, A M van Gestel
Oct 29, 2000·Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases·W B van den Berg
Nov 9, 2000·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·S K MannaB B Aggarwal
Nov 30, 2000·Arthritis Research·S R Goldring, E M Gravallese
Nov 30, 2000·The New England Journal of Medicine·J M BathonB K Finck
Nov 30, 2000·The New England Journal of Medicine·P E LipskyUNKNOWN Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor Trial in Rheumatoid Arthritis with Concomitant Therapy Study Group
Feb 22, 2002·Arthritis and Rheumatism·William P. Arend

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Feb 28, 2002·Annual Review of Immunology·Lars E TheillJosef M Penninger
Mar 24, 2005·Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research = Revista Brasileira De Pesquisas Médicas E Biológicas·M C BezerraR M R Pereira
Oct 4, 2005·Arthritis and Rheumatism·Elena NeumannUlf Müller-Ladner
Sep 10, 2002·Clinical Immunology : the Official Journal of the Clinical Immunology Society·Ingo H Tarner, C Garrison Fathman

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.