Ontogenesis of oxytocin pathways in the mammalian brain: late maturation and psychosocial disorders

Frontiers in Neuroanatomy
Valery GrinevichFrançoise Muscatelli

Abstract

Oxytocin (OT), the main neuropeptide of sociality, is expressed in neurons exclusively localized in the hypothalamus. During the last decade, a plethora of neuroendocrine, metabolic, autonomic and behavioral effects of OT has been reported. In the urgency to find treatments to syndromes as invalidating as autism, many clinical trials have been launched in which OT is administered to patients, including adolescents and children. However, the impact of OT on the developing brain and in particular on the embryonic and early postnatal maturation of OT neurons, has been only poorly investigated. In the present review we summarize available (although limited) literature on general features of ontogenetic transformation of the OT system, including determination, migration and differentiation of OT neurons. Next, we discuss trajectories of OT receptors (OTR) in the perinatal period. Furthermore, we provide evidence that early alterations, from birth, in the central OT system lead to severe neurodevelopmental diseases such as feeding deficit in infancy and severe defects in social behavior in adulthood, as described in Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS). Our review intends to propose a hypothesis about developmental dynamics of central OT path...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 14, 2018·Physiological Reviews·Benjamin Jurek, Inga D Neumann
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Jul 6, 2016·Frontiers in Neuroscience·Constantina Theofanopoulou
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May 16, 2021·Communications Biology·María Pilar Madrigal, Sandra Jurado

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
transgenic

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