Ontogeny of feeding and respiration in larval Atlantic cod Gadus morhua (Teleostei, Gadiformes): I. Morphology

Journal of Morphology
Ione Hunt Von HerbingRobert G Boutilier

Abstract

Cranial development in larval Atlantic cod Gadus morhua was studied throughout ontogeny using specimens treated by staining and clearing, scanning electron microscopy and histology. Newly hatched cod larvae have closed mouths, no operculii, five well-developed branchial arches, and transversii ventralis muscles. During the endogenous feeding (yolk-sac) stage, viscerocranial structures remain simple and nonarticulated. Six days after hatching at 5°C, articulation occurs between the quadrate/Meckel's cartilage and the hyomandibula/cranium. Integration of skeletal elements results in a functional jaw that facilitates the transition from endogenous to exogenous feeding. During later ontogenetic stages, the opercular apparatus and levator-operculi coupling develops, facilitating the transition of cutaneous to branchial respiration. Overall, feeding and respiratory needs are met by changes in form (including composition) and function during larval fish growth and are correlated with demands of energy acquisition essential to survival. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

References

Jul 17, 1975·Virchows Archiv. A, Pathological Anatomy and Histology·E W Schwarze, A Bernhard
May 1, 1988·The Journal of Experimental Zoology·J Hanken, C H Summers
Aug 1, 1987·Journal of Morphology·Robert M Langille, Brian K Hall

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Citations

Jan 1, 1996·Journal of Morphology·Ione Hunt Von HerbingRobert G Boutilier
May 20, 2015·Integrative and Comparative Biology·Steven W DaySam Van Wassenbergh
Feb 10, 2016·The British Journal of Nutrition·Teshome Tilahun BizuayehuIgor Babiak
Mar 16, 2007·Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B, Molecular and Developmental Evolution·Thomas GrünbaumNathalie R Le François
May 24, 2007·Proceedings. Biological Sciences·C D HulseyJ T Streelman
Jul 30, 2017·Global Change Biology·Stefan KoenigsteinHans-Otto Pörtner
Jan 21, 2006·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Paul A CzikoArthur L DeVries
Jul 10, 2019·Marine Environmental Research·Bjørn Henrik HansenElin Kjørsvik

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