Opioid neurotoxicity: fentanyl dose-response effects in rats

Anesthesia and Analgesia
W A KofkeR Garman

Abstract

Opioids, when administered in large doses, produce brain damage, primarily in the limbic system and association areas in rats. This investigation examined the relationship between opioid dose and severity and frequency of brain damage in rats. Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized with halothane/N2O and underwent tracheal intubation, mechanical ventilation, arterial/venous cannulation, and insertion of a rectal temperature probe and biparietal electroencephalogram electrodes. After surgery, halothane was discontinued and O2/N2O 30%/70% was administered for 1 h. Rats were then randomly assigned to one of eight groups. The control group received a loading dose (LD) of 4 mL/kg of 0.9% normal saline solution (NSS) and a maintenance dose (MD) of 4 mL.kg-1.h-1 NSS. The other groups were given fentanyl lypophilized and reconstituted in NSS with the LD ranging from 50 to 3200 micrograms/kg and the MD from 2 to 128 micrograms.kg-1.min-1. After 2 h of fentanyl or NSS infusion; all rats received 100% O2 and, when alert, their tracheas were extubated; after 7 days the rats underwent cerebral perfusion fixation, followed by light microscopic evaluation. Histopathologic lesions (primarily eosinophilic neuron degeneration) were sub...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

Oct 24, 2002·Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes : JAIDS·Avi NathJadwiga T Turchan

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