Opioids and pain

Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology & Physiology
R Kanjhan

Abstract

1. The central nervous system in mammals is able to react to painful stimuli at many levels that are involved in transmission, modulation and sensation of pain. Endogenous opioid peptides and their receptors are located at key points in pain pathways, and response to pain can be modulated by local application of opioids at many sites. Mechanisms of opioid analgesia at peripheral, spinal, medullary and midbrain levels are only incompletely understood; forebrain systems are even less appreciated. Local circuits in the spinal dorsal horn play a critical role in processing nociceptive afferent input and in mediating the actions of descending pain modulating systems. 2. The opioid receptors, recently cloned, exert their effects by activating G protein coupled effector systems, such as ion channels and second messenger systems. Although the receptor most commonly associated with pain relief is the mu-receptor, specific delta- and kappa-agonists can also mediate antinociception at spinal and supraspinal sites. Acute effects of opioids on target neurons are inhibitory, but excitatory effects have also been reported. 3. Noxious stimulation increases neuronal activity and modulates expression of genes, including immediate-early genes and...Continue Reading

References

May 1, 1992·Brain Research. Brain Research Reviews·A Randich, G F Gebhart
Mar 1, 1992·Trends in Neurosciences·R Dubner, M A Ruda
Jan 1, 1991·Progress in Brain Research·S L Jones
Mar 15, 1991·Science·J D TalbotG H Duncan
Feb 1, 1990·Trends in Pharmacological Sciences·S M Crain, K F Shen
Aug 1, 1987·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·R A NorthM J Christie
Dec 22, 1989·Science·J L SonnenbergT Curran
Jul 1, 1989·Brain Research. Molecular Brain Research·G Draisci, M J Iadarola
Jan 1, 1988·Progress in Brain Research·T L YakshT S Jensen
Feb 19, 1985·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·W D Willis
Jan 1, 1988·Progress in Brain Research·H L FieldsM M Heinricher
Jan 1, 1988·Progress in Brain Research·Y LazorthesM Tafani
Sep 1, 1988·Trends in Pharmacological Sciences·C Advokat
Jun 1, 1988·Pain·P D Wall
Jan 1, 1987·Physiological Reviews·J M Besson, A Chaouch
Dec 1, 1993·Trends in Neurosciences·T Reisine, G I Bell
Mar 1, 1994·Trends in Neurosciences·G R UhlG Pasternak
Jun 1, 1994·Trends in Neurosciences·G J GieslerR J Dado
Jul 10, 1993·Lancet·C E RichmondC J Woolf

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

May 26, 2006·Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology·Vivian Y H Hook
May 14, 1998·Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews·N SalanskyA Bondar
Feb 22, 2001·Behavioural Brain Research·S L CruzC López-Rubalcava
Jul 13, 2002·Journal of the American College of Surgeons·William P SchecterJan K Horn
Feb 25, 2014·Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior·Mohammad Taghi MansouriBehnam Ghorbanzadeh
Feb 27, 2004·Journal of Clinical Anesthesia·Albert Y Leung
Jul 14, 2005·Expert Opinion on Drug Safety·Amit DindaPravin C Singhal
Oct 13, 2007·The Journal of Physiology·Chester A Ray, Jason R Carter
Nov 17, 2009·Brain Research·Keiko TakanamiMitsuhiro Kawata
Dec 6, 2005·The Surgical Clinics of North America·Mitchell Jay Cohen, William P Schecter
Jan 11, 2014·Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health·Ladan EshkevariJennifer Damore
Aug 5, 2009·Phytotherapy Research : PTR·Esmaeal Tamaddonfard, Nasrin Hamzeh-Gooshchi
Aug 11, 2004·Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior·Takashi BungoHiroshi Ueda
Jul 13, 2004·Neurosurgery Clinics of North America·Sean C Mackey, Fumiko Maeda
Jan 27, 2009·Pain·Jessica A CottrellJ Patrick O'Connor
Sep 4, 2016·Life Sciences·Merve Kasap, Özgür Devrim Can
Apr 22, 2006·BioDrugs : Clinical Immunotherapeutics, Biopharmaceuticals and Gene Therapy·Vivian Y H Hook
Jun 11, 2005·The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics·Refik KanjhanMark C Bellingham
Mar 3, 2007·Pharmacological Reviews·Jakub FichnaJean-Claude Do Rego
Jun 13, 2020·Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology·Pamela A ChiaChristine C Myo Bui
Mar 29, 2000·Anesthesia and Analgesia·C M PalmerD M Alves
Oct 17, 2019·Frontiers in Neuroscience·Bárbara Guimaraes de FreitasVanessa O Zambelli
Dec 11, 2014·Medical Science Monitor : International Medical Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research·Maciej JabłkowskiJanusz Szemraj
Sep 8, 2019·The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics·Shane W KaskiVincent Setola
Jun 19, 2019·Current Pain and Headache Reports·Elyse M CornettAlan D Kaye
Oct 5, 2018·Molecular Neurobiology·Meritxell Llorca-TorralbaEsther Berrocoso
Nov 22, 2020·Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology : the Official Journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology·Jonathan RoydsConnail McCrory
Nov 24, 2020·Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior·Ewa Galaj, Zheng-Xiong Xi

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.