Opioids for Relief of Dyspnea Immediately Before Death in Patients With Noncancer Disease: A Case Series Study

The American Journal of Hospice & Palliative Care
Maki Murakami

Abstract

Dyspnea is commonly found in most conditions among patients with progressive noncancer disease. To clarify the effectiveness and safety of opioid administration for the treatment of dyspnea immediately before death in patients with noncancer disease. A retrospective case-series study involving 13 consecutive terminally ill patients who were near death and diagnosed with noncancer disease, and had refractory dyspnea and received opioid therapy, was performed. The authors investigated the route of administration, period, dosage of opioids, intensity of dyspnea-scored according to the Japanese version of the Support Team Assessment Schedule-and clinical course from a review of medical records. The mean age of the patients was 86.5 ± 7.6years (range: 72-98years). The primary causes of dyspnea that led to opioid administration were heart failure (n = 10) and respiratory failure (n = 3). Oxycodone was used in one patient who experienced a complication of chronic renal failure; morphine was used in the other 12 patients. The route of opioid administration was continuous infusions in 11 patients, suppository in one, and oral administration in one. The final dose of oral morphine equivalents was 20.1 ± 8.1 mg/d (range: 5-36 mg [median: ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 14, 2019·Current Opinion in Cardiology·Michael J DiamantMustafa Toma
Jan 28, 2020·Circulation Journal : Official Journal of the Japanese Circulation Society·Yasuhiro HamataniToshihisa Anzai
Jun 2, 2021·Critical Care Nurse·Rebecca Schuetz BierleCatherine J Ryan
Sep 14, 2021·The American Journal of Hospice & Palliative Care·Rachel A Zemel

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