Opportunistic ocular infections in the setting of HIV

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology
Wipada Laovirojjanakul, Onsiri Thanathanee

Abstract

The aim of this review is to highlight recent changes in opportunistic ocular infections (OOIs) in the era of modern combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), in the setting of HIV-infected patients. Improvements in modern cART has led to a progressive decline in the incidence of OOIs and mortality among patients with AIDS. Not only has there been a decreasing incidence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis, but there also has been a decline in progression of such retinitis when it does occur in AIDS patients, since the introduction of cART. Nevertheless, CMV retinitis remains the major cause of vision loss in AIDS patients. Although the incidence of CMV retinitis has declined overall, the incidence of ocular syphilis has increased during the cART era. Moreover, the impact of having HIV plays a role with respect to multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis and has resulted in a high prevalence of presumed ocular tuberculosis in HIV/MDR-TB co-infected patients. Although immune reconstitution uveitis (IRU) has been an important cause of visual deficits in developed countries, OOIs remain an important cause of blindness in the developing world. Reconstituting the immune system with effective cART while increasing accessibility of scree...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 13, 2020·Ocular Immunology and Inflammation·Alejandra de-la-Torre, Jorge Gómez-Marín
Sep 24, 2020·Ocular Immunology and Inflammation·Juliana WonsJustus G Garweg
Aug 23, 2020·Indian Journal of Ophthalmology·S BalamuruganKirandeep Kaur
Feb 20, 2019·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Katrin Spekker-BoskerSilvia Kathrin Eller
Aug 23, 2020·Indian Journal of Ophthalmology·Neethu LatifParthopratim Dutta Majumder
Mar 16, 2021·Journal of Neurovirology·Diana MelanciaInês Menezes Cordeiro
Apr 8, 2021·Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine·Dorsaf SaadouliHanene Tiouri

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