Opportunities and Challenges of the Human Microbiome in Ovarian Cancer

Frontiers in Oncology
Huiyan ChengHuanfa Yi

Abstract

Ovarian cancer is the most lethal malignancy among gynecological cancers worldwide. Most ovarian cancer patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage because of non-specific clinical symptoms. The human microbiome plays a crucial role in maintaining the normal physiological and pathological state of the body. With the development of technologies such as DNA and 16S rRNA sequencing, an increasing number of findings on the role of microbiome in cancers are being reported. Microbiome abnormalities are increasingly associated with diseases, including cancer development, and response to therapies. Some studies have shown the relationship between microbiome changes and ovarian cancer. However, the mechanisms underlying this relationship are not yet fully understood. Here, we summarize the key findings in this regard by focusing on estrogen metabolism and host recognition receptors in microorganisms and changes in the gut or pelvic microbiome in patients with ovarian cancer. We further discuss the potential of using the microbiome as a novel biomarker for cancers. We also highlight the possibility to use microorganisms as a treatment modality to enhance the immune system, activate anti-tumor response, mediate chemotherapy resistance, an...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 29, 2020·Frontiers in Genetics·Ya GuoHeng Luo
Apr 14, 2021·ACS Infectious Diseases·Fulvio BorellaChiara Benedetto
Apr 17, 2021·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Amr El-SayedMohamed Kamel
Jun 15, 2021·Current Oncology Reports·Laura M ChambersChad Michener
Jul 25, 2021·Seminars in Cancer Biology·Mohd WahidRamandeep Rattan

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
xenograft

Clinical Trials Mentioned

NCT02928523
NCT03304132
NCT03302637
NCT02141945
NCT01778595
NCT03297996
NCT03782428
NCT01461070
NCT03759730
NCT02706184

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