PMID: 8944387Dec 1, 1996Paper

Optic neuropathy following simulation of orbital hemorrhage in the nonhuman primate

Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
M HargadenC M Lang

Abstract

The goal of the study was to determine, using a nonhuman primate (NHP) model, the minimum duration of elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) (induced by an inflated catheter) necessary to produce significant visual system deficits. In Old World monkeys (Macaca mulatta), a catheter was placed retrobulbarly in one orbit and inflated with saline for either 180 min (10 monkeys) or 240 min (six monkeys subjects). Baseline color fundus photographs, monochromatic photography, fluorescein angiography, and IOP measurements were performed preoperatively and at either 2, 4, or 6 weeks postoperatively on both eyes of each monkey prior to killing and histological analysis. Optic neuropathy was demonstrated in eight of these NHPs. In the two most severe cases (240 min inflation condition), complete nerve fiber atrophy with central retinal artery occlusion was observed. Sector nerve fiber atrophy, extending from the temporal disc to beyond the macula, was noted in the other six monkeys, five of which were in the 180 min inflation condition. Thus, optic neuropathy, sufficient to produce visual loss, was noted following increased IOP (> or = 50 mm Hg) for 180 min or 240 min. These data emphasize the need for timely intervention to mitigate the pot...Continue Reading

Citations

Jan 21, 2012·Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery·Alan E OesterJames C Fleming
Aug 15, 2014·European Archives of Oto-rhino-laryngology : Official Journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : Affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery·Frank HaubnerHolger G Gassner
Jul 20, 2010·Neurologic Clinics·Michael K Yoon, Timothy J McCulley
Mar 8, 2016·Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology·Craig N Czyz, Andrew T Strand
May 10, 2001·Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology·T J Sullivan, J E Wright
Jan 26, 2018·Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery·Alexander D BlandfordJulian D Perry
Apr 7, 2015·Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery·Davin JohnsonVladimir Kratky
Aug 16, 2017·Orbit·Andrew T StrandAmanda Gibson
Jan 10, 2001·Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery·F G WolfortD R Nevarre
Aug 24, 2019·Translational Vision Science & Technology·Nanna VestergaardHenrik Vorum
Dec 12, 2020·The Journal of Emergency Medicine·Shang-Te MaYi-Hsuan Wei
Oct 21, 2020·Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery·Zhenyang ZhaoAndrew G Lee

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