Optimization-Based Wi-Fi Radio Map Construction for Indoor Positioning Using Only Smart Phones

Sensors
Jian TanYingchao Ren

Abstract

Fingerprinting-based Wi-Fi indoor positioning has great potential for positioning in GPS-denied areas. However, establishing a fingerprinting map (also called a radio map) prior to positioning (site survey) is normally a labor-intensive task. This paper proposes a method for easy site survey without need for any extra hardware. The user can conduct the site survey adopting only a smart phone. The collected inertial-based readings are processed using the pedestrian dead-reckoning algorithms to generate a raw trajectory. Then a factor graph optimization method is proposed to re-estimate the trajectory by adding constraints originated from collected Wi-Fi fingerprints and landmark positions. The proposed method is verified through an experiment in a mall. The mean positioning error is 1.10 m and the maximum error is 2.25 m. This level of positioning accuracy is considered sufficient for radio map generation purposes. A classical baseline algorithm, the k-Nearest Neighbor (kNN) algorithm, is adopted to test the positioning performance of the radio map (RM), which also validates the quality of the constructed RM from the proposed method.

References

Jan 26, 2012·IEEE ... International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics : [proceedings]·Sebastian O H MadgwickAndrew Vaidyanathan

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