PMID: 9542008May 16, 1998Paper

Optimizing urography

World Journal of Urology
A J Segal

Abstract

Urography is regarded as one of the best screening tests for evaluation of urinary tract disease and is commonly used in the search for a cause of hematuria or the presence of upper tract urothelial masses. It is also used in the evaluation of patients with trauma, known or suspected urolithiasis, or renal infection and for the documentation of obstruction or congenital abnormalities. The physician should have a basic understanding of iodinated contrast media and their benefits and effects on the patient. Patient risk factors include a history of (1) renal impairment, (2) significant allergies, (3) asthma, (4) diabetes mellitus, and (5) cardiac disease (particularly congestive heart failure, arrhythmias, unstable angina, recent myocardial infarction, and primary pulmonary hypertension). Changing options for imaging modalities, contrast media, and patient preparation require continued attention to detail and individualization to allow optimization of the urographic examination.

Citations

Apr 6, 2002·Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy·Roger DmochowskiDavid Staskin
Jan 28, 2012·Stress and Health : Journal of the International Society for the Investigation of Stress·Catherine CocciaShridhar K Sathe
Jan 27, 2007·Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism : JPEM·Małgorzata MyśliwiecAndrzej Myśliwski

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