Optogenetic Induction of Colonic Motility in Mice

Gastroenterology
Timothy J HibberdN J Spencer

Abstract

Strategies are needed to increase gastrointestinal transit without systemic pharmacologic agents. We investigated whether optogenetics, focal application of light to control enteric nervous system excitability, could be used to evoke propagating contractions and increase colonic transit in mice. We generated transgenic mice with Cre-mediated expression of light-sensitive channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) in calretinin neurons (CAL-ChR2 Cre+ mice); Cre- littermates served as controls. Colonic myenteric neurons were analyzed by immunohistochemistry, patch-clamp, and calcium imaging studies. Motility was assessed by mechanical, electrophysiological, and video recording in vitro and by fecal output in vivo. In isolated colons, focal light stimulation of calretinin enteric neurons evoked classic polarized motor reflexes (50/58 stimulations), followed by premature anterograde propagating contractions (39/58 stimulations). Light stimulation could evoke motility from sites along the entire colon. These effects were prevented by neural blockade with tetrodotoxin (n = 2), and did not occur in control mice (n = 5). Light stimulation of proximal colon increased the proportion of natural fecal pellets expelled over 15 minutes in vitro (75% ± 17% vs...Continue Reading

References

Jun 1, 1997·Neurogastroenterology and Motility : the Official Journal of the European Gastrointestinal Motility Society·R FidaG S Taylor
Apr 1, 1999·Annual Review of Physiology·W A Kunze, J B Furness
Nov 7, 2001·Neurogastroenterology and Motility : the Official Journal of the European Gastrointestinal Motility Society·G D'AntonaS J Brookes
Dec 5, 2002·Neurogastroenterology and Motility : the Official Journal of the European Gastrointestinal Motility Society·N J Spencer, R A Bywater
Aug 5, 2003·The Journal of Comparative Neurology·Ashley L StewartHeather M Young
Sep 11, 2003·The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics·John R Grider
Jun 2, 2004·Cell and Tissue Research·John B FurnessKulmira Nurgali
Feb 25, 2006·The Journal of Comparative Neurology·Yasmin NasserKeith A Sharkey
May 11, 1899·The Journal of Physiology·W M Bayliss, E H Starling
Dec 31, 1900·The Journal of Physiology·W M Bayliss, E H Starling
Dec 30, 2006·American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology·M MillionY Taché
Jun 1, 1949·Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine·J H HANKS, R E WALLACE
Feb 16, 2008·American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology·Rachael R RobertsHeather M Young
Nov 7, 2009·American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology·Lixin WangYvette Taché
May 29, 2012·Neurogastroenterology and Motility : the Official Journal of the European Gastrointestinal Motility Society·T OkamotoT K Smith
Mar 23, 2013·Neurogastroenterology and Motility : the Official Journal of the European Gastrointestinal Motility Society·P P K M GamageM J Saffrey
May 23, 2014·Frontiers in Neuroscience·Kyra J BarnesNick J Spencer
May 23, 2014·Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility·Irena Gribovskaja-RuppKirk Ludwig
Oct 22, 2014·Digestive Diseases and Sciences·Evandro José BeraldiNilza Cristina Buttow
Jun 9, 2016·Nature Communications·Nikolai RakhilinXiling Shen
Apr 19, 2017·Neurogastroenterology and Motility : the Official Journal of the European Gastrointestinal Motility Society·T J HibberdN J Spencer
Apr 27, 2017·The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology·Jing FengHongzhen Hu
May 29, 2018·The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience·Nick J SpencerJulian Sorensen

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Aug 7, 2020·American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology·Anthony C JohnsonBeverley Greenwood-Van Meerveld
Aug 15, 2019·American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology·Alberto L Perez-Medina, James J Galligan
Jun 8, 2018·Nature Reviews. Gastroenterology & Hepatology·Iain Dickson
Mar 11, 2020·Nature Reviews. Gastroenterology & Hepatology·Nick J Spencer, Hongzhen Hu
May 20, 2020·Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS·Candice Fung, Pieter Vanden Berghe
Feb 23, 2019·Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology·Nick J SpencerHongzhen Hu
Oct 8, 2020·American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology·Nasser AbdullahChristophe Altier
Dec 12, 2018·Journal of Theoretical Biology·Simon LabartheBeatrice Laroche
Aug 17, 2018·Pain·Aaron D Mickle, Robert W Gereau
Nov 21, 2020·Brain Stimulation·Lindsea C BoothAlexander V Gourine
Jan 31, 2021·Nature Reviews. Gastroenterology & Hepatology·Beate NieslerKarl-Herbert Schäfer
Nov 18, 2020·Nature Neuroscience·Abraham Vázquez-GuardadoJohn A Rogers
Feb 25, 2021·American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology·Bradley B BarthWarren M Grill
May 11, 2021·Neurogastroenterology and Motility : the Official Journal of the European Gastrointestinal Motility Society·Andre Gonçalves ProsperoJosé Ricardo de Arruda Miranda
Jun 20, 2021·Neurogastroenterology and Motility : the Official Journal of the European Gastrointestinal Motility Society·Jackie Dale Wood
Jun 24, 2021·Behavioral and Brain Functions : BBF·Enrico PatronoAleš Stuchlík
Jul 9, 2021·Neurogastroenterology and Motility : the Official Journal of the European Gastrointestinal Motility Society·Simone L SchonkerenVeerle Melotte
Aug 8, 2021·Lasers in Surgery and Medicine·Hoda Keshmiri NeghabBahram Goliaei
Sep 13, 2021·Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology·Andrea Nestor-KalinoskiMarthe J Howard
Oct 30, 2020·Neuron·Dena ShahriariPolina Anikeeva
Jan 15, 2022·Nature Neuroscience·Kelly L BuchananDiego V Bohórquez

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.