PMID: 9427463Jan 14, 1998Paper

Oral acyclovir prophylaxis of varicella after intimate contact

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
T Y LinC Hsueh

Abstract

Whether oral acyclovir (ACV) given in late incubation can prevent clinical varicella or not. Twenty-seven healthy infants and children susceptible to varicella received oral ACV (40 mg/kg daily in four divided doses) for 5 days, starting 9 or 11 days after exposure from the index case in the family (2 in the classroom). The clinical features were compared with 13 control children who did not receive ACV. Enzyme-linked immunoassay was used to detect varicella-zoster virus (VZV) antibody and, in follow-up immunologic studies, lymphocyte proliferative response was added. In some cases, blood culture and polymerase chain reaction with Southern hybridization were used for detection of viremia. Among the 27 children in the treatment group, two (7.4%) developed the disease and seroconversion was observed in 17 subjects (63%). Follow-up immunologic studies in 12 of these 17 seroconverted subjects 30 months later showed persistent cellular and/or humoral immunity to VZV. Only one subject, bled 11 days after exposure, had positive VZV DNA and blood culture for VZV. On the other hand 10 of 13 (77%) control subjects developed clinical varicella. Oral ACV administration to healthy susceptible subjects at the beginning of secondary viremia i...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 14, 2000·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·M Burroughs, A Moscona
Oct 24, 2001·Pediatric Emergency Care·A AroraJ Singer
Mar 20, 1999·Current Opinion in Pediatrics·D M Zerr, L M Frenkel
Apr 2, 2011·Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases·Jonathan P H FisherSophie Hambleton
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Jan 31, 2002·Paediatric Drugs·Zoltan Trizna
Oct 19, 2006·Lancet·Ulrich Heininger, Jane F Seward
Jan 22, 2010·Pediatric Transplantation·Martina Prelog, Lothar Bernd Zimmerhackl
Feb 18, 2010·Pediatric Blood & Cancer·Jessica BateUNKNOWN Supportive Care Group of the Children's Cancer and Leukaemia Group (CCLG)
Jan 1, 2015·Nature Reviews. Disease Primers·Anne A GershonKoichi Yamanishi
May 28, 2014·La Presse médicale·Caroline CharlierMarianne Leruez-Ville
Oct 20, 2005·The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews·T P KlassenE M Belseck
Apr 9, 2009·Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy·David G Partridge, Michael W McKendrick
May 10, 2020·Pediatric Nephrology : Journal of the International Pediatric Nephrology Association·Agnes TrautmannUNKNOWN International Pediatric Nephrology Association
Jan 31, 2021·Nature Reviews. Nephrology·Olivia BoyerMarina Vivarelli
Sep 11, 2018·Case Reports in Nephrology and Dialysis·Vedran PremužićBojan Jelaković

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