Oral cholera vaccine delivery strategy in India: Routine or campaign?-A scoping review.

Vaccine
Arindam RayRajshankar Ghosh

Abstract

Oral Cholera Vaccine (OCV) has been recognized as an adjunct tool for prevention and control of cholera. However, policy directions are currently unavailable in India to guide the vaccine delivery. We conducted a scoping review to inform the policy about the scopes and challenges of different strategic choices of OCV delivery in India in light of current evidences, highlighting the scope of new research. Adopting the Arksey and O'Malley Framework for review, we searched for literatures on "efficacy", "effectiveness", and "cost" of oral cholera vaccine delivery through different strategies in Pubmed and Scopus. We found that the protective efficacy of OCV depends on its coverage. Evidence on effectiveness of OCV are available for both reactive and pre-vaccination campaigns. Reactive high-risk vaccination is more effective than reactive ring and mass vaccination. Pre-vaccination campaigns are more effective than reactive vaccination when vaccine availability is adequate. Pre-vaccination through school campaigns in 1-14 years age group have been cost effective in India. Vaccination campaigns in under-5 children are also cost effective in spite of low efficacy due to the scope of averting a higher number of cases. However, no evide...Continue Reading

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