PMID: 9416716Jan 7, 1998Paper

Oral clonidine premedication reduces minimum alveolar concentration of sevoflurane for tracheal intubation in children

Anesthesiology
K NishinaH Obara

Abstract

Sevoflurane is a useful anesthetic for inhalational induction in children because of its low solubility in blood and relatively nonpungent odor. Clonidine has sedative and anxiolytic properties and reduces the requirement for inhalation agents. Nitrous oxide (N2O) also decreases the requirement of inhaled anesthetics, but the effect is variable. The minimum alveolar concentration for tracheal intubation (MAC(TI)) of sevoflurane was assessed with and without N2O and clonidine premedication. Seventy-two patients, aged 3-11 yr, were assigned to one of six groups (n = 12 each). They received one of three preanesthetic medications (two groups for each premedication): placebo (control), 2 microg/kg oral clonidine or 4 microg/kg oral clonidine. In one group of each premedication, anesthesia was induced with sevoflurane in oxygen; in the other group, anesthesia was induced with sevoflurane in the presence of 60% N2O. Each concentration of sevoflurane at which tracheal intubation was attempted was predetermined according to Dixon's up-and-down method and held constant for at least 20 min before the trial The MAC(TI) of sevoflurane in the absence of N2O (mean +/- SEM) was 3.2 +/- 0.2%, 2.5 +/- 0.1%, and 1.9 +/- 0.2% in the control, 2-mic...Continue Reading

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References

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Citations

Aug 10, 2000·Canadian Journal of Anaesthesia = Journal Canadien D'anesthésie·T GoyagiT Nishikawa
Apr 1, 1999·Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods·A H Lichtman
Apr 11, 2000·Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica·G IvaniP A Lönnqvist
Apr 12, 2000·European Journal of Anaesthesiology·H M El-KerdawyJ G Bovill
May 13, 1999·Paediatric Anaesthesia·K NishinaH Obara
Jul 27, 2000·Anesthesia and Analgesia·S KiharaY Kohda
Jul 28, 2001·Anesthesia and Analgesia·P J KulkaM Tryba
Apr 4, 2003·Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin·Kenji SumiyaYukinao Kohda
Feb 8, 2006·Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin·Masato HommaYukinao Kohda
Mar 14, 2012·Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia·Senthil Gopalakrishnan, Joseph D Tobias
Apr 23, 2014·Pediatric Critical Care Medicine : a Journal of the Society of Critical Care Medicine and the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies·Christoph HünselerUNKNOWN Clonidine Study Group
Oct 11, 2012·Journal of Perinatology : Official Journal of the California Perinatal Association·R Chavez-ValdezE B Gauda
Jul 15, 2005·Best Practice & Research. Clinical Anaesthesiology·Benedikt Preckel, Jens Bolten
Mar 15, 2006·Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology·Henrik BergendahlStaffan Eksborg
Feb 25, 2009·Paediatric Anaesthesia·Neil S Morton
Feb 4, 2006·Annales Françaises D'anesthèsie Et De Rèanimation·M Bordes, A-M Cros
Jun 1, 2005·Journal of Clinical Neuroscience : Official Journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia·J R CormackT G Costello
Nov 30, 2000·British Journal of Anaesthesia·S InomataH Toyooka

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