Oral Pentoxifylline Associated with Pentavalent Antimony: A Randomized Trial for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
Graça BritoP Machado

Abstract

AbstractCutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) by Leishmania braziliensis is associated with decreasing cure rates in Brazil. Standard treatment with pentavalent antimony (Sbv) cures only 50-60% of the cases. The immunopathogenesis of CL ulcer is associated with high interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) production. Pentoxifylline, a TNF inhibitor, has been successfully used in association with Sbv in mucosal and cutaneous leishmaniasis. This randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral pentoxifylline plus Sbv versus placebo plus Sbv in patients with CL in Bahia, Brazil. A total of 164 patients were randomized in two groups to receive the combination or the monotherapy. Cure rate 6 months after treatment was 45% in the pentoxifylline group and 43% in the control group. There was also no difference between the groups regarding the healing time (99.7 ± 66.2 days and 98.1 ± 72.7 days, respectively). Adverse events were more common in the pentoxifylline group (37.8%), versus 23% in the placebo group. This trial shows that Sbv combined therapy with pentoxifylline is not more effective than Sbv monotherapy in the treatment of CL caused by L. braziliensis.

References

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Feb 26, 2014·The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·Graça BritoSara Passos

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Citations

Sep 27, 2018·The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·Jaime SotoJonathan Berman
Jun 9, 2019·Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology·Shyam SundarBhawana Singh
Sep 2, 2019·Parasitology Research·Sarah HendrickxL Maes
Feb 12, 2020·The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·Carvel SuprienEdgar M Carvalho
Mar 3, 2020·Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV·Husein Husein-ElAhmedMartin Steinhoff
Aug 28, 2020·The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews·Mariona PinartJohn A Tweed
Mar 11, 2020·Seminars in Immunopathology·Paul M KayeSimon L Croft
Feb 8, 2018·Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy·Fernanda VentinPaulo Roberto Lima Machado
Jan 25, 2019·Dermatology Research and Practice·Taisa Rocha Navasconi BerbertThaís Gomes Verziganassi Silveira
Apr 13, 2021·Frontiers in Immunology·Fernanda O NovaisPhillip Scott
Aug 13, 2021·Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology·Priscila Silva Grijó FaraniOtacilio Cruz Moreira
Mar 17, 2021·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Tainã LagoEdgar M Carvalho

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