Abstract
This study examines C-reactive protein (CRP) levels predicting cardiovascular events (CVEs) among hormone therapy (HT) users and nonusers. CRP levels are higher in women who use oral HT than those in nonusers; however, whether the same CRP cut-points determine increased cardiovascular risk remains unanswered. CRP was measured at baseline in 10,953 HT users and 15,838 nonusers in the Women's Health Study. In HT nonusers and users, Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for age, cardiovascular risk factors, body mass index, and menopause status were constructed using American Heart Association/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommended CRP cut-points for low, average, and high cardiovascular risk as well as HT nonuser- and user-derived quantiles of CRP to predict incident CVEs. CVE risk increased with logarithm CRP for both HT users and nonusers. After adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors including lipids, the multivariable relative risk (RR) per log unit of CRP was 1.27 (95% CI, 1.13-1.44) for HT nonusers and 1.22 (95% CI, 1.07-1.40) for HT users. To compare the risk associated with American Heart Association/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CRP categories across HT use groups, we fit a model in which...Continue Reading
References
Apr 3, 1997·The New England Journal of Medicine·P M RidkerC H Hennekens
Aug 18, 1999·Circulation·P M RidkerJ E Manson
Aug 18, 1999·Circulation·M CushmanR P Tracy
Mar 16, 2000·Journal of Women's Health & Gender-based Medicine·K M RexrodeJ E Buring
Mar 25, 2000·The New England Journal of Medicine·P M RidkerN Rifai
Aug 23, 2002·JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association·Aruna D PradhanPaul M Ridker
Sep 5, 2002·Circulation·Andrea DecensiSergio Pecorelli
Oct 4, 2002·The American Journal of Medicine·Maria G ModenaRosario Rossi
Nov 15, 2002·The New England Journal of Medicine·Paul M RidkerNancy R Cook
Feb 8, 2003·Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation·Monika AtiyaUNKNOWN Women's Health Study
Mar 17, 2004·Circulation·Wolfgang KoenigChrista Meisinger
Jun 16, 2004·Circulation·Nicola FransciniGabriele Schoedon
Dec 17, 2004·The New England Journal of Medicine·Jennifer K PaiEric B Rimm
Dec 22, 2004·Circulation·Thomas A PearsonUNKNOWN AHA
Mar 9, 2005·The New England Journal of Medicine·Paul M RidkerJulie E Buring
Apr 12, 2005·European Heart Journal·David E LaaksonenJukka T Salonen
Jun 21, 2005·Maturitas·Maria Grazia ModenaUNKNOWN TREAT
Jun 29, 2005·Circulation·Mary CushmanRussell P Tracy
Jul 5, 2005·Journal of the American College of Cardiology·Scott M Grundy
Jul 7, 2005·JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association·Nancy R CookJulie E Buring
Jul 7, 2005·JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association·I-Min LeeJulie E Buring
Jul 21, 2005·JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association·Paul M RidkerJulie E Buring
Aug 4, 2005·JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association·Philip J CookAnthony A Braga
Sep 8, 2005·Maturitas·Santiago Palacios
Nov 1, 2005·Atherosclerosis·S Matthijs BoekholdtKay-Tee Khaw
Jul 5, 2006·Annals of Internal Medicine·Nancy R CookPaul M Ridker
Apr 4, 2007·Circulation·Ioanna TzoulakiF Gerald R Fowkes
Feb 28, 2008·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Jan L ShifrenNorman A Mazer
Oct 7, 2009·Annals of Internal Medicine·David I BuckleyMark Helfand
Citations
Dec 29, 2010·Menopause : the Journal of the North American Menopause Society·Cynthia A Stuenkel
Sep 3, 2013·Journal of the American Society of Hypertension : JASH·Frédérique ThomasMichel E Safar
Dec 25, 2015·Journal of the American College of Cardiology·Martin B MortensenErling Falk
Jun 19, 2013·Endocrine Research·Daniela Celestino SilvaHelio Fernandes Costa
Jan 22, 2015·Cancer Causes & Control : CCC·Kunlanat MakboonLaurel A Habel
Apr 22, 2011·American Journal of Hypertension·Licy L Yanes, Jane F Reckelhoff
Feb 5, 2019·Climacteric : the Journal of the International Menopause Society·C A Stuenkel
May 1, 2018·Frontiers in Immunology·Nicola R Sproston, Jason J Ashworth
Nov 3, 2016·European Journal of Clinical Nutrition·S R MirhafezM Ghayour-Mobarhan
Sep 13, 2012·Menopause : the Journal of the North American Menopause Society·Anand SinglaPaul A Gurbel